ANT-LPL-FPC-100

## **ANT-LPL-FPC-100** 

## **LTE/LPWA Flexible Embedded Dipole Antenna** 

The ANT-LPL-FPC-100 (LPL) antenna is a flexible embedded multiband cellular and cellular IoT antenna (LTE-M and NB-IoT) ideal for use in LTE bands 5, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20, 28, while also supporting low-power, wide-area (LPWA) networking at 868 MHz and 915 MHz. 

The LPL provides a ground plane independent dipole embedded antenna solution comparable in performance to an external antenna. The LPL’s flexibility and adhesive backing makes it easy to mount in unique and custom enclosures, while enabling an environmentally sealed enclosure and protection from tampering or accidental antenna damage. 

Connection is made to the radio via a 100 mm long, 1.13 mm coaxial cable terminated in an MHF1/U.FL-compatible plug connector. 

## **FEATURES** 

- Excellent low-band coverage, 698 MHz to 960 MHz, including LTE 5, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20, 26, 28 and 29 

   - VSWR: ≤ 2.4 

   - Peak Gain: 6.1 dBi 

   - – Efficiency: 52% 

- Compact, low-profile – 110 mm x 20 mm x 0.2 mm 

- MHF1/U.FL-compatible plug (female socket) on 100 mm of 1.13 mm coaxial cable 

- Flexible to fit in challenging enclosures 

- Adhesive backing permanently adheres to non-metal enclosures using 3M 467MP™/200MP adhesive 

## **APPLICATIONS** 

- Worldwide LTE, UMTS and GSM 

- Cellular IoT: LTE-M (Cat-M1) NB-IoT – AT&T: bands 12, 17 

   - Verizon: band 13 

   - Europe: bands 8, 20 

   - Latin America: bands 5, 28 

   - – Asia Pacific: bands 5, 8, 20, 28 

- Low-power, wide-area (LPWA) applications – LoRaWAN® 

   - Sigfox® 

- ISM: Bluetooth® and ZigBee® 

- Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) 

- UHF RFID readers 

- Internet of Things (IoT) devices 

- Gateways 

## **ORDERING INFORMATION** 

|Part Number|Description|
|---|---|
|ANT-LPL-FPC-100|Antenna with 100 mm of 1.13 mm coaxial cable and MHF1/U.FL-compatible plug<br>(female socket)|



Available from Linx Technologies and select distributors and representatives. 

DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

## **ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS** 

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Select Bands Frequency Range VSWR (max.) Peak Gain (dBi) Avg. Gain (dBi) Efficiency (%)<br>LTE 12, 13, 14, 17, 26, 28, 29 698 MHz to 803 MHz 2.3 5.6 -3.6 47<br>LTE 5, 8, 20 791 MHz to 960 MHz 2.4 6.5 -2.6 57<br>LTE 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 25, 66 1710 MHz to 2200 MHz 4.6 4.9 -1.9 72<br>LTE 30, 40 2300 MHz to 2400 MHz 1.4 5.2 -1.5 73<br>LTE 7, 41 2496 MHz to 2690 MHz 1.8 5.3 -1.8 69<br>LTE 22, 42, 43, 48, 49, 52 3300 MHz to 3800 MHz 3.5 2.9 -3.4 48<br>ISM 2400 MHz to 2485 MHz 2.7 3.9 -4.1 43<br>Polarization Linear<br>Radiation Omnidirectional<br>Max Power 2 W<br>Wavelength 1/2-wave<br>Electrical Type Dipole<br>Impedance 50 Ω<br>Connection MHF1/U.FL-compatible plug (female socket) on 100 mm of 1.13 mm coaxial cable.<br>Weight 1.5 g (0.05 oz)<br>Dimensions 110 mm x 20 mm x 0.2 mm (4.33 in x 0.80 in x 0.01 in)<br>Operating Temperature Range -40 °C to +85 °C<br>Electrical specifications and plots measured on a 2.0 mm (0.08 in) thick plastic sheetESD Sensitivity NOT ESD sensitive. As a best practice, Linx may use ESD packaging.<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **VSWR** 

Figure 1 provides the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) across the antenna bandwidth. VSWR describes the power reflected from the antenna back to the radio. A lower VSWR value indicates better antenna performance at a given frequency. Reflected power is also shown on the right-side vertical axis as a gauge of the percentage of transmitter power reflected back from the antenna. 

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7<br>50<br>6<br>40<br>5<br>30<br>4<br>20<br>3<br>2 10<br>1 0<br>600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800<br>Frequency (MHz)<br>698 803 960 1710 2200 2300 2400 2496 2690 3300 3800<br>VSWR<br>Reflected Power (%)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 1: LPL Antenna VSWR with Frequency Band Highlights 

DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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## **RETURN LOSS** 

Return loss (Figure 2), represents the loss in power at the antenna due to reflected signals. Like VSWR, a lower return loss value indicates better antenna performance at a given frequency. 

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0<br>-2<br>-4<br>-6<br>-8<br>-10<br>-12<br>-14<br>-16<br>-18<br>-20<br>600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800<br>Frequency (MHz)<br>698 803 960 1710 2200 2300 2400 2496 2690 3300 3800<br>Return Loss (dB)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 2. LPL Antenna Return Loss with Frequency Band Highlights 

## **PEAK GAIN** 

The peak gain across the antenna bandwidth is shown in Figure 3. Peak gain represents the maximum antenna input power concentration across 3-dimensional space, and therefore peak performance, at a given frequency, but does not consider any directionality in the gain pattern. 

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10<br>5<br>0<br>-5<br>-10<br>-15<br>-20<br>600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800<br>Frequency (MHz)<br>698 803 960 1710 2200 2300 2400 2496 2690 3300 3800<br>Peak Gain (dBi)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 3. LPL Antenna Peak Gain with Frequency Band Highlights 

DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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## **AVERAGE GAIN** 

Average gain (Figure 4), is the average of all antenna gain in 3-dimensional space at each frequency, providing an indication of overall performance without expressing antenna directionality. 

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10<br>5<br>0<br>-5<br>-10<br>-15<br>-20<br>600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800<br>Frequency (MHz)<br>698 803 960 1710 2200 2300 2400 2496 2690 3300 3800<br>Average Gain (dBi)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 4. LPL Antenna Average Gain with Frequency Band Highlights 

## **RADIATION EFFICIENCY** 

Radiation efficiency (Figure 5), shows the ratio of power delivered to the antenna relative to the power radiated at the antenna, expressed as a percentage, where a higher percentage indicates better performance at a given frequency. 

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100<br>90<br>80<br>70<br>60<br>50<br>40<br>30<br>20<br>10<br>0<br>600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800<br>Frequency (MHz)<br>698 803 960 1710 2200 2300 2400 2496 2690 3300 3800<br>Efficiency (%)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 5. LPL Antenna Radiation Efficiency with Frequency Band Highlights 

DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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## **PRODUCT DIMENSIONS** 

Figure 6. ANT-LPL-FPC-100 Dimensions 

## **ANTENNA MOUNTING** 

The ANT-LPL-FPC-100 is a flexible, adhesive backed antenna that allows it to be permanently installed onto nonmetallic surfaces. The adhesive backing is 3M 467MP™/200MP, which provides outstanding adhesion to high surface energy plastics. The adhesive delivers excellent shear strength to resist slippage and edge lifting, but can be repositioned temporarily to allow for repositioning. This adhesive is highly resistant to solvents, humidity and moisture, as well as heat up to 204 °C (400 °F) for short periods. 

The antenna should never be bent to the point of creating a crease or allowing the angle of the bend to fall below 90 degrees (i.e. become acute) as this will impair function and may cause permanent damage. 

DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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## **RADIATION PATTERNS** 

Radiation patterns provide information about the directionality and 3-dimensional gain performance of the antenna by plotting gain at specific frequencies in three orthogonal planes. Antenna radiation patterns (Figure 7), are shown using polar plots covering 360 degrees. The antenna graphic above the plots provides reference to the plane of the column of plots below it. Note: when viewed with typical PDF viewing software, zooming into radiation patterns is possible to reveal fine detail. 

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XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **698 MHz TO 803 MHz (750 MHz)** 

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35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3<br>34 0 4 34 0 4 34 0 4<br>33 -5 5 33 -5 5 33 -5 5<br>31 32 EZ. -10-15-20 at SERS 6 7 31 32 ~~ -10-15-20 S 6 7 31 32 -10-15-20 —_ 6 7<br>-25 -25 -25<br>30 y -30 = 8 30 PES -30 8 30 C -30 8<br>-35 -35 -35<br>2829 ’Vv -40-45-50 N{ 910 2829 (f -40-45-50 910 2829 i -40-45-50 910<br>,<br>2726 \| 7 1211 2726 . )| 1211 2726 \ y 1211<br>25 13 25 13 25 13<br>24 € 14 24 \ 14 24 \ 14<br>23 Sy 15 23 S 15 23 . Z 15<br>22 16 22 16 22 16 690 MHz<br>21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 750 MHz800 MHz<br>XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **790 MHz TO 960 MHz (870 MHz)** 

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35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3<br>34 0 4 34 0 4 34 0 4<br>33 -5 5 33 -5 5 33 -5 5<br>32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6<br>31 -20 7 31 -20 7 31 -20 7<br>-25 -25 -25<br>30 -30 8 30 -30 8 30 -30 8<br>-35 -35 -35<br>29 -40 9 29 -40 9 29 -40 9<br>-45 -45 -45<br>28 -50 10 28 -50 10 28 -50 10<br>27 11 27 11 27 11<br>26 12 26 12 26 12<br>25 13 25 13 25 13<br>24 14 24 14 24 14<br>23 15 23 15 23 15<br>22 16 22 16 22 16 790 MHz<br>21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 870 MHz960 MHz<br>XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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## **1710 MHz TO 2200 MHz (1950 MHz)** 

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35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3<br>34 0 4 34 0 4 34 0 4<br>33 -5 5 33 -5 5 33 -5 5<br>32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6<br>31 -20 7 31 -20 7 31 -20 7<br>-25 -25 -25<br>30 -30 8 30 -30 8 30 -30 8<br>-35 -35 -35<br>29 -40 9 29 -40 9 29 -40 9<br>-45 -45 -45<br>28 -50 10 28 -50 10 28 -50 10<br>27 11 27 11 27 11<br>26 12 26 12 26 12<br>25 13 25 13 25 13<br>24 14 24 14 24 14<br>23 15 23 15 23 15<br>22 16 22 16 22 16 1710 MHz<br>21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 1950 MHz2200 MHz<br>XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **2300 MHz TO 2400 MHz (2350 MHz)** 

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35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3<br>34 0 4 34 0 4 34 0 4<br>33 -5 5 33 -5 5 33 -5 5<br>32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6<br>31 -20 7 31 -20 7 31 -20 7<br>-25 -25 -25<br>30 -30 8 30 -30 8 30 -30 8<br>-35 -35 -35<br>29 -40 9 29 -40 9 29 -40 9<br>-45 -45 -45<br>28 -50 10 28 -50 10 28 -50 10<br>27 11 27 11 27 11<br>26 12 26 12 26 12<br>25 13 25 13 25 13<br>24 14 24 14 24 14<br>23 15 23 15 23 15<br>22 16 22 16 22 16 2300 MHz<br>21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 2350 MHz2400 MHz<br>XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **2496 MHz TO 2690 MHz (2600 MHz)** 

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35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3<br>34 0 4 34 0 4 34 0 4<br>33 -5 5 33 -5 5 33 -5 5<br>32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6<br>31 -20 7 31 -20 7 31 -20 7<br>-25 -25 -25<br>30 -30 8 30 -30 8 30 -30 8<br>-35 -35 -35<br>29 -40 9 29 -40 9 29 -40 9<br>-45 -45 -45<br>28 -50 10 28 -50 10 28 -50 10<br>27 11 27 11 27 11<br>26 12 26 12 26 12<br>25 13 25 13 25 13<br>24 14 24 14 24 14<br>23 15 23 15 23 15<br>22 16 22 16 22 16 2500 MHz<br>21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 2600 MHz2700 MHz<br>XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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## **3300 MHz TO 3800 MHz (3550 MHz)** 

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35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3<br>34 0 4 34 0 4 34 0 4<br>33 -5 5 33 -5 5 33 -5 5<br>32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6<br>31 -20 7 31 -20 7 31 -20 7<br>-25 -25 -25<br>30 -30 8 30 -30 8 30 -30 8<br>-35 -35 -35<br>29 -40 9 29 -40 9 29 -40 9<br>-45 -45 -45<br>28 -50 10 28 -50 10 28 -50 10<br>27 11 27 11 27 11<br>26 12 26 12 26 12<br>25 13 25 13 25 13<br>24 14 24 14 24 14<br>23 15 23 15 23 15<br>22 16 22 16 22 16 3300 MHz<br>21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 3550 MHz3800 MHz<br>XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **2400 MHz TO 2490 MHz (2450 MHz)** 

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35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3 35 36 5 1 2 3<br>34 0 4 34 0 4 34 0 4<br>33 -5 5 33 -5 5 33 -5 5<br>32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6 32 -10-15 6<br>31 -20 7 31 -20 7 31 -20 7<br>-25 -25 -25<br>30 -30 8 30 -30 8 30 -30 8<br>-35 -35 -35<br>29 -40 9 29 -40 9 29 -40 9<br>-45 -45 -45<br>28 -50 10 28 -50 10 28 -50 10<br>27 11 27 11 27 11<br>26 12 26 12 26 12<br>25 13 25 13 25 13<br>24 14 24 14 24 14<br>23 15 23 15 23 15<br>22 16 22 16 22 16 2400 MHz<br>21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 21 20 19 18 17 2450 MHz2490 MHz<br>XZ-Plane Gain  YZ-Plane Gain  XY-Plane Gain<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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## **ANTENNA DEFINITIONS AND USEFUL FORMULAS** 

VSWR - Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. VSWR is a unitless ratio that describes the power reflected from the antenna back to the radio. A lower VSWR value indicates better antenna performance at a given frequency. VSWR is easily derived from Return Loss. 

|VSWR =|10|Return Loss<br>20<br>+ 1|
|---|---|---|
||<br>10|Return  Loss<br>20<br>−1|
|||20|



Return Loss - Return loss represents the loss in power at the antenna due to reflected signals, measured in decibels. A lower return loss value indicates better antenna performance at a given frequency. Return Loss is easily derived from VSWR. 

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Efficiency ( **η** ) - The total power radiated from an antenna divided by the input power at the feed point of the antenna as a percentage. Total Radiated Efficiency - (TRE) The total efficiency of an antenna solution comprising the radiation efficiency of the antenna and the transmitted (forward) efficiency from the transmitter. 

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Gain - The ratio of an antenna’s efficiency in a given direction (G) to the power produced by a theoretical lossless (100% efficient) isotropic antenna. The gain of an antenna is almost always expressed in decibels. 

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Peak Gain - The highest antenna gain across all directions for a given frequency range. A directional antenna will have a very high peak gain compared to average gain. 

Average Gain - The average gain across all directions for a given frequency range. 

Maximum Power -  The maximum signal power which may be applied to an antenna feed point, typically measured in watts (W). 

Reflected Power - A portion of the forward power reflected back toward the amplifier due to a mismatch at the antenna port. 

VSWR −1 2 VSWR + 1 

decibel (dB) - A logarithmic unit of measure of the power of an electrical signal. 

decibel isotropic (dBi) - A comparative measure in decibels between an antenna under test and an isotropic radiator. decibel relative to a dipole (dBd) - A comparative measure in decibels between an antenna under test and an ideal half-wave dipole. 

Dipole - An ideal dipole comprises a straight electrical conductor measuring 1/2 wavelength from end to end connected at the center to a feed point for the radio. 

Isotropic Radiator -  A theoretical antenna which radiates energy equally in all directions as a perfect sphere. Omnidirectional - Term describing an antenna radiation pattern that is uniform in all directions. An isotropic antenna is the theoretical perfect omnidirectional antenna. An ideal dipole antenna has a donut-shaped radiation pattern and other practical antenna implementations will have less perfect but generally omnidirectional radiation patterns which are typically plotted on three axes. 

DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100 

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**09/22   Original** 

DATA AND DEVICES / ANT-LPL-FPC-100