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MAX7037EGL+
RF Transceiver, 300MHz to 928MHz, ASK, FSK, 125Kbps, 10dBm Out/-100dBm In, 2.1V to 5.5V, TQFN-40
⚠️ Reference pricing provided. In case of supply shortages, we will connect you with our trusted procurement partners to ensure your project's continuity.
- Manufacturer: ANALOG DEVICES
- Product type: RF Transceivers - Sub 2.4GHz ISM Band
- Data Rate: 125Kbps
- No. of Pins: 40Pins
- Frequency Max: 928MHz
- Frequency Min: 300MHz
- Sensitivity dBm: -100dBm
- RF IC Case Style: TQFN
- Receiving Current: 22mA
- Output Power (dBm): 10dBm
- RF / IF Modulation: ASK, FSK
- Supply Voltage Max: 5.5V
- Supply Voltage Min: 2.1V
- Transmitting Current: 16mA
- Operating Temperature Max: 85°C
- Operating Temperature Min: -40°C
- RF Transceiver Applications: AMR, Cordless, ISM, Remote Control, Remote Sensing, Security System, Smoke Alarm
| Delivery and price | |
|---|---|
| Units per pack | 1470 |
| Price | 3.21 € |
| Current stock | 50+ |
| Lead time | 7 days |
Datasheet
## **MAX7037**
## **Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications**
## **General Description**
The MAX7037 is an ultra-low-power, high-performance quad-band multichannel transceiver with integrated 8051 microcontroller, flash memory, and sensor interface. The MAX7037 runs from a minimum supply voltage of only 2.1V, extending battery life and enabling it to cope with different sources of energy, like solar cells, electromechanical or thermoelectrical energy. Hardwareimplemented transmit-and-receive routines, in combination with a microcontroller, enable a high-efficiency transceiver system for wireless fail-safe multiband/multichannel communication with advanced FSK and ASK protocol features. Sleep modes allow easy implementation of lowpower applications with fast reaction times.
## **Applications**
- Ultra-Low-Power Sensor Networks
- Smart Metering
- Building Automation
- Short-Range Communication
## **Benefits and Features**
- Ultra-Low-Power Consumption for Battery-Based Operation
- Current Consumption TX (POUT = +6dBm, FSK): 16mA
- Current Consumption RX (FSK): 22mA
- Current Consumption Deep Sleep Mode (Watchdog Timer and PRAM Active): 100nA
- Supply Voltage Range: 2.1V to 5.5V
- Integrated Ultra-Low-Power On/Off Voltage Threshold Detectors
- Worldwide Usable Frequency Band Coverage
- ISM Band Frequency Coverage: 315/433/868/915~930MHz
- Fractional-N LO Generation For Multichannel Operation
- RF Synthesizer Resolution: 244Hz/488Hz
- FFSK/FMSK/ASK Modulation for Optimum Compatibility with Various Communication Standards
- Gross Data Rates: Up To 125Kbit/s
## _**Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.**_
- ASK with Programmable Transition Shape for Spectral Tuning
- Fully Integrated RF, TX, and RX Front-End for Minimum External Components
- Maximum TX Output Power (RLOAD = 400Ω): +10dBm
- RX Sensitivity (FFSK, BW = 150kHz): -100dBm
- Mixed-Signal Sensor Interface with Analog I/O Through ADC/DAC and On-Chip Buffers (Contact Factory for Future Support)
- Integrated 9-Bit Sigma Delta ADC for Applications
- Integrated 8-Bit DAC
- 8 Mixed-Signal I/Os with Versatile Switching Matrix; Up to 18 Digital I/Os
- Wristwatch Crystal-Based Real-Time Clock (Contact Factory for Future Support)
- Wristwatch Crystal Oscillator Integrated: 32768Hz
**==> picture [125 x 31] intentionally omitted <==**
_19-7744; Rev 0; 9/16_
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Absolute Maximum Ratings**
Continuous Current In/Out of Pins .................................±100mA Duration of Pin Short Circuit to Ground or Supply ....Continuous Duration of Short-Circuit Between Pins.....................Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) Package 1 Multilayer Board (derate 37mW/°C above +70°C) ...............................2600mW Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Operating Temperature Range ........................... -40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range ............................ -65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Supply Voltage at High-Voltage Supply Pins VDD and VDDLIM ..............................................-0.5V to +6.0V Supply Voltage for Mixed-Signal Sensor Interface (GPIO1) and Extended Serial Interface 0 Pins (GPIO0) ............................................................-0.5V to +6.0V Voltage at GPIO1 Port Pins (ADIO0~7) and GPIO2 Port Pins (WXIDIO, WXODIO) in Analog Mode .................-0.5V to 2.0V
Voltage at Digital Input Pins WAKE0, WAKE1, RESET GND ..........................-0.5V to 3.6V Voltage at GPIO2 Port Pins (WXIDIO, WXODIO) in digital mode...................-0.5V to 2.0V Voltage at GPIO0 Port Pins (BIST_DONE, TEST1, TEST3, SCSEDIO0, SCLKDIO1, WSDADIO2, RSDADIO3, BIST_PASS) and GPIO1 Port Pins (ADIO0~7) in Digital Mode .....-0.5V to 6.0V Maximum Permanent Elimination Current at the Parallel Regulator (Generally Limited by Max (VDD) and PTOT) ........................................................................................50mA Input Current Into Any Pin Except Supply Pins ...................................................................... -50mA to +50mA Electrostatic Discharge Sensible Pins, as are: RFP, RFN, XTIN, XTOT, VDD, VDDLIM, UVDD, WAKE0, WAKE1, RESET ................................................................2kV Electrostatic Discharge Normal Pins .....................................2kV Power Dissipation ...........................................................300 mW
## **Note 1:** ESD Test according to AEC-Q100-002 (JESD22-A114): HBM: R = 1.5kΩ, C = 100pF. ESD protected to 2kV Human Body Model.
_Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability._
## **Package Thermal Characteristics**
## **(Note 2)**
- 40-Pin QFN (6mm x 6mm) Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA) ..........27°C/W Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC) ............16.5°C/W
**Note 2:** Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to **www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial** .
## **Electrical Characteristics**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Operating Conditions**
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|**Operating Conditions**|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
||||||
|Positive Supply Voltage|VDD|At input pins VDDand VDDLIM|Min<br>(VOFF)<br>3.3<br>5.5|V|
|Tolerated Supply Voltage Slope<br>for Ambient Supply|VDDSLP|Valid for rising and falling slope.|0<br>3<br>5|V/ms|
|Positive Supply Voltage at<br>Shutdown|VDDS|At input pins VDDand VDDLIM. No<br>normal performance required.|Min<br>(VOFF) –<br>0.025|V|
|Supply Voltage for Mixed-Signal<br>Sensor Interface and Extended<br>Serial Interface 0 Pins|VIOVDD|GPIO0/1|1.7<br>DVDD<br>5.5|V|
|Ground|GND||0|V|
Maxim Integrated │ 2
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Operating Conditions (continued)**
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|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|Logic Levels on Digital I/O Pins<br>of GPIO0/1 Ports|VL|All pins which are or can be<br>confgured as digital I/O.|Min<br>(VIOVDD)<br>Max<br>(VIOVDD)||
|Tolerated Ripple on VDD|VDDR|100Hz ripple from full wave<br>rectifer on VDDwhereas<br>Min(VDD) > VON|50|mVP-P|
|ADC Measurement Input<br>Common Mode Range||The sigma-delta ADCs have a<br>differential input. The ADC input<br>CMR is provided by the R2R<br>buffer.|0<br>RVDD|V|
|ADC Measurement Input<br>Amplitude for Single-Ended or<br>Differential Measurements|VIN_MEAS|Measurement possible only via<br>R2R input buffer.<br>Possible selectable internal<br>references: GND, RVDD,<br>VADCCMR (~0.8V), VBG|0<br>±RVDD|Vd|
|Analog Input Range<br>(GPIO1 Port, ADIO0~7)||Single-ended|0<br>VRVDD|V|
|Nominal Differential Load<br>Resistance|RLOAD<br>(Note 3)|Resonance resistance RLOAD<br>at fCTX of the load resonance<br>circuit with the impedance<br>ZLOAD. Smaller RLOADvalues<br>will lead to increased current<br>consumption for equal POUT|400<br>900|Ω|
|RF Port DC Supply Voltage||RF_N, RF_P pins|Min<br>(RVDD)<br>RVDD<br>Max<br>(RVDD)|V|
|Differential Voltage Swing<br>Between RF Pins|VTX|Absolute Maximum Rating. Must<br>be respected even if different<br>load impedances are used|6.0|VP-P|
|Required Relative 16M XTAL<br>Frequency Tolerance for WB/<br>DWB Operation|dfXO|~315MHz band:<br>~433MHz band:<br>~868MHz band:<br>~915MHz band:|55<br>40<br>20<br>19|ppm<br>ppm<br>ppm<br>ppm|
|TX-RX Carrier Frequency<br>Deviation|dfTRD|Application design requirement.<br>Given by SAW based ASK<br>transmitters|100|kHz|
|Ambient Operating Temperature|TA||-40°C<br>+85°C|°C|
**Note 3:** Maximum differential RLOAD for +6dBm output power (based on P = V[2] /R formula and considering RVDDMIN and VDSAT of output stage MOS).
Maxim Integrated │ 3
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Current Consumption**
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|**Current Consumption**|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
||||||
|Current Consumption in<br>RESET_(Off Mode)_|IDD_RESET|Current into VDDpin. RESET<br>active.|15|nA|
|Current Consumption<br>_Deep Sleep Mode_|IDD_DS|On/Off threshold detectors, UVDD<br>regulator and watchdog timer<br>running.|100|nA|
|Current Consumption<br>_Flywheel Sleep Mode_|IDD_FS|On/Off threshold detectors,<br>UVDD regulator, watchdog timer,<br>wristwatch crystal and fywheel<br>timer running.|700|nA|
|Current Consumption<br>_Short-Term Sleep Mode_|IDD_SS|On/Off threshold detectors, UVDD<br>regulator, watchdog timer, short-<br>term RCO and timer running.|3.4|µA|
|Current Consumption<br>_CPUSTOP_Mode|IDD_CPUSTOP||1|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_CPUIDLE_Mode|IDD_CPUIDLE||1.3|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_CPU Mode – CRCO_|IDD_CRCO|R/S/DVDD regulators, CPU RCO,<br>and CPU 8051 at ~16MHz.|3.3|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_CPU Mode – XTAL_|IDD_XTAL|R/S/DVDD regulators, XTAL 16M,<br>and CPU 8051 at 16MHz.|3.9|mA|
|FLASH Program/Page<br>Erase/Mass Erase Current||This current is additional to normal<br>CPU Mode operating current.|< 7|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_TX Mode_ASK|ITX9A10_MO|At ~868MHz and +10dBm<br>available TX power during<br>transmitting a PRBS sequence.<br>CPU 8051 stopped.|23|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_TX Mode_ASK|ITX9A6_MO|At ~868MHz and +6dBm available<br>TX power during transmitting<br>a PRBS sequence. CPU 8051<br>stopped.|16|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_RX Mode_|IRX9_ASK/FSK|At ~868MHz:<br>ASK or FSK, at maximum<br>sensitivity. CPU 8051 stopped.|22|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_TX Mode_ASK|ITX3A10_MO|At ~315MHz and +10dBm<br>available TX power during<br>transmitting a PRBS sequence.<br>CPU 8051 stopped.|26|mA|
Maxim Integrated │ 4
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Current Consumption (continued)**
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|**Current Consumption**|**(continued)**||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
||||||
|Current Consumption<br>_TX Mode_ASK|ITX3A6_MO|At ~315MHz and +6dBm available<br>TX power during transmitting<br>a PRBS sequence. CPU 8051<br>stopped.|20|mA|
|Current Consumption<br>_RX Mode_|IRX3_ASK/FSK|At ~315MHz:<br>ASK or FSK, at maximum<br>sensitivity. CPU 8051 stopped.|22|mA|
## **Ambient Power Management and Voltage Regulators**
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|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|**ADC BANDGAP**|||||
|Sigma-Delta ADC/Mixed-<br>Signal I/O Bandgap<br>Reference|VBGADC||1.10<br>1.21<br>1.30|V|
|Bandgap Voltage Tolerance<br>Magnitude|dVBG|Overtemperature and process<br>variations|< 4|%|
|Bandgap Voltage<br>Tolerance Magnitude Over<br>Temperature|dVBGT|Overtemperature per device,<br>related to room temperature|< ±2|%|
|**VOLTAgE LIMITER (ShuNT REguLATOR)**|||||
|Limitation Voltage of Shunt<br>Regulator|VLIM_50mA|At 50mA current sink|3.9<br>4.8<br>5.5|VDC|
|Current Consumption<br>Voltage Limiter Only|ILIM_3V5|Current into VDDLIMpin.<br>VDD= 3.5 V.|15|nA|
|Maximum Permanent<br>Elimination Current of<br>Limiter|ILIM||50|mA|
|**ON/OFF ThREShOLd dETECTION**|||||
|Turn-On Threshold Voltage|VON||2.3<br>2.45<br>2.6|VDC|
|Shutdown Threshold<br>Voltage|VOFF|Automatic shutdown when not in<br>sleep mode if VDDdrops below<br>this level|1.82<br>1.92<br>2.10|VDC|
Maxim Integrated │ 5
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Frequency generation**
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|**Frequency generation**|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
||||||
|**XTAL OSCILLATOR**|||||
|XTAL Oscillator frequency|fXO||16.000|MHz|
|TX – RX Frequency<br>Difference at Wideband<br>Operation|dfTR_WB|Within all frequency bands<br>assuming equal XO tolerances<br>in TX and RX|35|kHz|
|Crystal Oscillator Startup<br>Time|tXOON|Crystal ESR maximum 300Ω|0.7<br>1.2|ms|
|**WRISTWATCh XTAL OSCILLATOR**|||||
|Wristwatch XTAL Oscillator<br>Frequency|fWXO|2 (Note 15)|32.768|kHz|
|Wristwatch Crystal<br>Oscillator Tolerance|dfWXO|Depends on application<br>and used crystal tolerance.<br>Oscillator circuit will add ~30%<br>typ to crystal tolerance. Typical<br>crystal tolerance assumed here:<br>30ppm|40|ppm|
|Wristwatch Crystal<br>Oscillator Startup Time|tWXOON|Crystal ESR maximum 50kΩ|1|s|
|**RF SYNThESIzER**|||||
|RF Synthesizer Type|||Fractional N with three<br>confgurable ranges<br>(B3, B4, B9).|–|
|RF Synthesizer Reference<br>Frequency|fREF_RF||–<br>fXO<br>–|MHz|
|Low-Frequency Band<br>Coverage|fRF_B3||312<br>320|MHz|
|Mid-Frequency Band<br>Coverage|fRF_B4||431<br>465|MHz|
|High-Frequency Band<br>Coverage|fRF_B9||862<br>930|MHz|
|Low-Frequency Step Size|dfLO|B3/B4 band:<br>B9 band:|~244<br>~488|Hz|
|RF Synthesizer Switching<br>Speed|tSYNTH_SW3/4/9|Settling to a frequency error of<br>±10kHz from steady-state value|<50|µs|
|RF Synthesizer Turn-On<br>Time|tSYNTH_ON3/4/9|At turning on at available<br>reference frequency settling to<br>a frequency error of ±10kHz<br>from steady-state value|75|µs|
Maxim Integrated │ 6
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Frequency generation (continued)**
**==> picture [506 x 19] intentionally omitted <==**
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PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**Frequency generation**|**(continued)**||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
||||||
|**dIgITAL CLOCk SYNThESIzER**|||||
|Digital Clock Synthesizer<br>Type|||Integer N|–|
|Digital Clock Synthesizer<br>Reference Frequency|fREFDC||–<br>fXO<br>–|MHz|
|Primary Digital Clock<br>Frequency|fS0|Synthesized by digital clock<br>synthesizer|32.000|MHz|
|Digital Clock Synthesizer<br>Turn-On Speed|tfS0_ON|At turning on at available<br>reference frequency to a<br>frequency error of ±1kHz from<br>steady-state value|< 75|µs|
|**CPu RCO (CRCO)**|||||
|Nominal CRCO Frequency||Free-running frequency|11.7<br>16<br>20.0|MHz|
|CRCO Startup Time||From start of RCO to usable<br>clock|4|Cycles|
Maxim Integrated │ 7
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Transmit Operation**
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PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**Transmit Operation**|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
||||||
|**ASk TRANSMISSION**|||||
|Nominal ASK Transmit Data<br>Rate|RTXA<br>(Note 4)||31.25<br>125|kBit/s|
|ASK TX Data Rate<br>Tolerance|dRTXA||< dfXO|ppm|
|ASK Transmit Filter Order|||–<br>4<br>–|–|
|ASK Transmit Filter Type|||Bessel|–|
|ASK Transmit Filter<br>Bandwidth|BTXA|-3dB bandwidth|1.5/2<br>RTXA|kHz|
|Transmit DAC Resolution|||6|Bit|
|Over Sampling of ASK TX<br>Waveform|||16|–|
|ASK Anti-Aliasing Filter<br>Bandwidth|BAAA|-3dB bandwidth|1.5<br>RTXA|kHz|
|**FSk TRANSMISSION**|||||
|ASK Carrier Leakage||Transmitting a long “L” sequence<br>at POUT = 10dBm. Related to<br>power high.|< -40|dB|
|Nominal FSK Transmit Data<br>Rate|RTXF<br>(Note 4)|Digital NCO based (derived<br>from 16MHz XTAL)|31.25<br>125|kBit/s|
|FSK TX Data Rate Tolerance|dRTXF||<dfXO|ppm|
|FSK Transmit Filter Order|||–<br>2<br>–|–|
|FSK Transmit Filter Type|||Bessel|–|
|FSK Transmit Filter<br>Bandwidth|BTXF|-3dB bandwidth|1.5/2<br>RTXF|kHz|
|Magnitude of FSK<br>Frequency Deviation|dfTXF<br>(Note 4)|Digital NCO based (derived<br>from 16MHz XTAL)|4<br>RTXF/4<br>(for MSK)<br>60|kHz|
|**ASk ANd FSk TRANSMISSION**|||||
|TX power steps|NPTX||7|–|
|Maximum Available<br>TX Output Power, Into<br>Resonant Circuit with RLOAD<br>(Differential)|PTX<br>(Note 1)|For ASK: TX power during<br>physical ‘H’|-2 to<br>+10|dBm|
|TX Output Power Variation<br>Over Temperature|PTX_T<br>(Note 1)|TA= -40°C to +85°C|< ±1.5|dB|
Maxim Integrated │ 8
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Transmit Operation (continued)**
**==> picture [506 x 17] intentionally omitted <==**
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PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|Spurious Emission Power<br>Transmitting At ~315Mhz<br>At POUT+10Into Resonant<br>Circuit With RLOAD<br>(Differential)|POUT_SP3<br>(Notes 2, 3)|≈2 x 315MHz:<br>≈3 x 315MHz:<br>≥≈4 x 315MHz:<br>(harmonics of US band)|< -29<br>< -29<br>< -21|dBm<br>dBm<br>dBm|
|Spurious Emission Power<br>Transmitting At ~433Mhz<br>At POUT+10Into Resonant<br>Circuit With RLOAD<br>(Differential)|POUT_SP4<br>(Notes 2, 3)|≈2 x 433MHz:<br>≥≈3 x 433MHz:<br>(harmonics of EU band)|< -16<br>< -10|dBm<br>dBm|
|Spurious Emission Power<br>Transmitting At ~868Mhz<br>At POUT+10Into Resonant<br>Circuit With RLOAD<br>(Differential)|POUT_SP8<br>(Notes 2, 3)|≈2 x 868MHz:<br>≥≈3 x 868MHz:<br>(harmonics of EU band)|< -10<br>< -10|dBm<br>dBm|
|Spurious Emission Power<br>Transmitting At ~915Mhz<br>At POUT+10Into Resonant<br>Circuit With RLOAD<br>(Differential)|POUT_SP9<br>(Notes 2, 3)|≈2 x 915MHz:<br>≥ ≈3 x 915MHz:<br>(harmonics of US band)|< -16<br>< -10|dBm<br>dBm|
**Note 1:** Available TX power from the MAX7037 in reactive load with RLOAD while transmitting at the transmit frequency fTX. The TX power is measured by a matching network and a measurement balun single-ended on 50Ω level. The measurement result is backwards projected to the MAX7037 port by the known transfer function of the measurement balun and the matching network. Additionally, the radiated TX power is dependent on the (optional) RF-filter, antenna selectivity, and loss. Therefore, it will NOT be production tested.
- **Note 2:** Spurious power generated by the MAX7037 in reactive load with RLOAD while transmitting at the transmit frequency fTX. Spurious emission values are measured by a matching network and a measurement balun single-ended on 50Ω level with a RBW of 100kHz being a replacement for the matching network and the differential antenna. The measurement result is backwards projected to the MAX7037 port by the known transfer function of the measurement balun and the matching network. Additionally, the radiated spurious emissions are dependent on the (optional) RF-filter, antenna-selectivity, and loss. Therefore, it will NOT production tested. Spurious emission suppression at carrier harmonics is also a part of filter and antenna design.
- **Note 3:** Antenna and matching network loss and attenuation by antenna selectivity for spurious assumed to be at least 20dB. The (optional) RF filter is not taken into account.
**Note 4:** Digital implementation parameter, not parametrically tested (covered by ATPG testing).
Maxim Integrated │ 9
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Receive Operation**
**==> picture [507 x 19] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**Receive Operation**|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
||||||
|Receiver Input Impedance<br>(Differential)|RIN<br>(Note 5)|For all frequency bands B3/B4/<br>B9. LNACONF = “001001”|288~526<br>Typ: 400|Ω|
|Receiver Source Impedance<br>(Differential)|RSOURCE|(Antenna impedance)|400|Ω|
|Receiving Protocol|||SSB reception LSB or USB<br>selectable|-|
|Receiving Mode|||SSB reception LSB or USB<br>selectable|-|
|Received Modulation Method|||ASK or FSK|–|
|LNA Gain|GLNA|Switchable in NLNA steps|0/20|dBV/V|
|LNA Gain Steps|NLNA||2|–|
|VGA Gain|G_IVGA<br>G_QVGA|Switchable in NVGA steps|0/3/6/9/12/<br>15/18/21|dBV/V|
|VGA Gain Steps|NVGA||8|–|
|1dB Input Compression<br>Point (In-Band)|ICP1|At highest sensitivity (LNA and<br>VGA maximum gain)|-43|dBm|
|Dynamic Range Of Sigma-<br>Delta ADC|DYNADC|Sinusoidal signal at 125kHz in<br>200kHz output bandwidth|78|dB|
|Data Oversampling Factor|OV|Different logical treatment in<br>compatible asynchronous SOF|–<br>8<br>–|–|
|ASK/FSK RX Data Rate|RRX<br>(Note 7)|ASK or FSK tested at maximum<br>data rate.<br>ASK:<br>FSK:|min<br>RTXA<br>min<br>RTXF<br>RTXA<br>RTXF<br>max<br>RTXA<br>max<br>RTXF|kBit/s|
|Acceptable Advanced TX-<br>RX Data Rate Deviation|dRTRXA|Tolerance of nominal FSK data<br>rate between TX and RX.|< 2 dfXO|ppm|
|IF Magnitude Word Width|||16|Bits|
|RSS Word Width|||16|Bits|
|LTRSS Word Width|||16|Bits|
|**dOuBLE WIdEBANd OPERATION**|||||
|Nominal Intermediate<br>Frequency Wideband<br>Operation|fIFD||250|kHz|
|Effective Receiver<br>Bandwidth|BRXD|-3dB, defned by integrated<br>digital IF flter|-<br>300<br>-|kHz|
|Magnitude Of FSK<br>Frequency Deviation|dfRXD<br>(Note 5)||15<br>dfTX<br>60|kHz|
Maxim Integrated │ 10
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Receive Operation (continued)**
**==> picture [507 x 19] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|Normal ASK Receiver<br>Sensitivity At MAX7037<br>Input|S0RX3_D_A<br>S0RX4_D_A<br>S0RX9_D_A<br>(Notes 1, 3)|At max RTXA, high LNA gain<br>and max IF gain for SRQ<br>(Note 2) at -10°C < TA< +70°C|-95|dBm|
|Normal FSK Receiver<br>Sensitivity At MAX7037<br>Input|S0RX3_D_F<br>S0RX4_D_F<br>S0RX9_D_F<br>(Notes 1, 3)|At MSK with max RTXF,<br>high LNA gain and max IF gain<br>for SRQ (Note 2) at<br>-10°C < TA< +70°C|-95|dBm|
|Temperature Sensitivity<br>Reduction|dS0D_T|-40°C < TA<-10°C or<br>+70°C < TA<+85°C.|<3|dB|
|Receiver Sensitivity<br>Reduction Caused By TX-<br>RX Frequency Offset|dS0D_F|For SRQ (Note 2) at<br>maximum dfTRW|<4|dB|
|Receiver Sensitivity<br>Reduction Caused By Data<br>Rate Deviation|dS0D_R|For SRQ (Note 2) at<br>maximum dRTRXC|<3|dB|
|Reduced FSK Receiver<br>Sensitivity|S1RX3/4/9_D_F<br>(Notes 1, 3)|At low LNA gain, for SRQ<br>(Note 2) at -10°C < TA< +70°C|-84|dBm|
|Maximum ASK Target Signal<br>Input Level|PMAX_D_A<br>(Note 1)|At max RTXA, high LNA gain and<br>max IF gain for SRQ (Note 2) at<br>-10°C < TA< +70°C|-20|dBm|
|Target Blocking Mask|(Note 4)|Covered by digital tests|Figure 3|dBc|
|Equivalent IF Magnitude<br>Bandwidth|BIFMAG_D||150|kHz|
|RSS Bandwidth|BRSS_D||10|kHz|
|RSS Settling Time|tRSS0_D<br>(Note 7)|Dominated by BRSS_D kHz RSS<br>measurement bandwidth|150<br>250|µs|
|LTRSS Bandwidth|BLTRSS_D||1|kHz|
|LTRSS Settling Time|tRSS1_D<br>(Note 7)|Given by BLTRSS_D kHz<br>measurement bandwidth|1.5<br>2.0|ms|
|Gain Control Switching Time|tGCD<br>(Note 7)|One cycle from highest gain to<br>lower gain|typ<br>(tRSS0_D)<br>max<br>(tRSS0_D)|µs|
Maxim Integrated │ 11
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Receive Operation (continued)**
**==> picture [507 x 19] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|**WIdEBANd OPERATION**|||||
|Nominal Intermediate<br>Frequency Wideband<br>Operation|fIFW||125|kHz|
|Effective Receiver<br>Bandwidth|BRXW|-3dB, defned by integrated<br>digital IF flter|–<br>150<br>–|kHz|
|Magnitude Of FSK<br>Frequency Deviation|dfRXW<br>(Note 7)||15<br>dfTX<br>60|kHz|
|Normal ASK Receiver<br>Sensitivity At MAX7037 Input|S0RX3_W_A<br>S0RX4_W_A<br>S0RX9_W_A<br>(Notes 1, 3)|At max RTXA, high LNA gain<br>and max IF gain for SRQ (Note 2)<br>at 10°C < TA< +70 C|-100|dBm|
|Normal FSK Receiver<br>Sensitivity At MAX7037 Input|S0RX3_W_F<br>S0RX4_W_F<br>S0RX9_W_F<br>(Notes 1, 3)|At MSK with max RTXF, high<br>LNA gain and max IF gain for<br>SRQ (Note 2) at<br>10°C < TA< +70°C|-100|dBm|
|Temperature Sensitivity<br>Reduction|dS0W_T|-40°C < TA< -10°C or<br>+70°C < TA< +85°C|<3|dB|
|Receiver Sensitivity<br>Reduction Caused By TX-<br>RX Frequency Offset|dS0W_F|For SRQ (Note 2) at maximum<br>dfTRW|<4|dB|
|Receiver Sensitivity<br>Reduction Caused By Data<br>Rate Deviation|dS0W_R|For SRQ (Note 2) at maximum<br>dRTRXC|<3|dB|
|Reduced FSK Receiver<br>Sensitivity.|S1RX3/4/9_W_F<br>(Notes 1, 3)|At low LNA gain, for SRQ<br>(Note 2) at -10°C < TA< +70°C|-88|dBm|
|Maximum ASK Target Signal<br>Input Level|PMAX_W_A<br>(Notes 1, 3)|At max RTXA, high LNA gain,<br>and max IF gain for SRQ (Note 2)<br>at -10°C < TA< +70°C|-20|dBm|
|Target Blocking Mask|(Note 4)|Covered by digital tests|Figure 4|dBc|
|Equivalent IF Magnitude<br>Bandwidth|BIFMAG_W||75|kHz|
|RSS Bandwidth|BRSS_W||5|kHz|
|RSS Settling Time|tRSS0_W<br>(Note 7)|Dominated by BRSS_W kHz RSS<br>measurement bandwidth|300<br>500|µs|
Maxim Integrated │ 12
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **Receive Operation (continued)**
**==> picture [507 x 19] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|LTRSS Bandwidth|BLTRSS_W<br>(Note 7)||500|Hz|
|LTRSS Settling Time|tRSS1_W<br>(Note 7)|Given by BLTRSS_W kHz<br>measurement bandwidth|3<br>4|ms|
|Gain Control Switching Time|tGCW<br>(Note 7)|One cycle from highest gain to<br>lower gain|Typ<br>(tRSS0_W)<br>Max<br>(tRSS0_W)|µs|
|**gENERAL**|||||
|Image Rejection Untrimmed|XRX3_IRJ<br>XRX4_IRJ<br>XRX9_IRJ|Untrimmed, at maximum RX<br>sensitivity setting.<br>Image signal in-band at LSB RX<br>+2 fIFabove band center.<br>Image signal in-band at USB RX<br>-2 fIFbelow band center|24|dB|
|Image Rejection Trimmed||Trimmed, at maximum RX<br>sensitivity setting.<br>Image signal in-band at LSB RX<br>+2 fIFabove band center.<br>Image signal in-band at USB RX<br>-2 fIFbelow band center<br>See receive section for image<br>rejection tuning and Figure 4.|34|dB|
|Available RX Low Power<br>Leakage at fLORX,X|PLOLeak<br>(Note 6)|Low power in a differentially<br>matching source resistor as load<br>with LNA in high or low gain mode|< -50|dBm|
**Note 5:** The RX sensitivity is measured close to the application by a single-ended on 50Ω source through a balun and a matching network to the input impedance. The measurement result is forward projected to the MAX7037 port by the known transfer function of the balun and the matching network.
- **Note 6:** Standard Receive Quality (SRQ) is a bit error probability (without error correcting coding) of 10[-3] .
- **Note 7:** The radiated sensitivity of the whole RX is dependent of the (optional) RF filter- and antenna- selectivity and loss is therefore NOT production tested.
- **Note 8:** SRQ fulfilled with: Useful signal applied 3dB above the measured sensitivity limit, however not below maximum of S0X + 3dB. Blocking signal un-modulated CW. This measurement method is slightly more restrictive than the EN300 220-1V 1.3.1 (2000) section 9.3.2 for class 2 receivers due to they are related to the nominal received carrier position instead of the band edges. Blocking is not production tested.
**Note 9:** Values from simulation. Actual obtained RIN is also dependent on the LNACONF configuration setting.
**Note 10:** Carrier generated by the MAX7037 in reactive load with RLOAD while receiving at the frequency fTRX. The leakage power is measured by a matching network and a measurement balun single-ended on 50Ω level being a replacement for the matching network and the differential antenna. The measurement result is backwards projected to the MAX7037 port by the known transfer function of the measurement balun and the matching network. The radiated leakage is furthermore dependent on the (optional) RF-filter- and antenna- loss and, therefore, NOT production tested. Spurious emission suppression at carrier harmonics is also a part of filter and antenna design.
> **Note 11:** Digital implementation parameter, not parametrically tested (covered by ATPG testing).
Maxim Integrated │ 13
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **TX and RX Timing Parameters**
**==> picture [506 x 19] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|**STARTINg ANd RE-STARTINg TX ANd RX**|||||
|TX Starting Time|t0CT<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time for starting transmitting a<br>packet from turned off synthesizer.<br>Dominated bysynthesizer startup.|<tSYNTH<br>_ON|µs|
|TX Restarting Time|tCT<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time for starting transmitting a<br>packet at running synthesizer.<br>Dominated by synthesizer switching.|<tSYNTH<br>_SW|µs|
|TX Continuing Time|tT<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time for starting transmitting a<br>packet at synthesizer running on<br>correct channel.|<tSYNTH<br>_SW|µs|
|RX Starting Time|t0CR<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time for starting receiving from<br>turned off synthesizer. Dominated by<br>synthesizer startup. LTRSS is forced|<tSYNTH<br>_ON<br>+tRSS1x|µs|
|RX Restarting Time|tCR<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time for starting receiving running<br>synthesizer. Dominated by synthesizer<br>switching. LTRSS is forced|<tSYNTH<br>_SW<br>+tRSS1x|µs|
|RX Continuing Time|tR<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time for starting receiving at<br>synthesizer running on correct<br>channel|tRSS0x~<br>tRSS1x|µs|
|**SINgLE ChANNEL (BANd) OPERATION**|||||
|TX->TX Switching Time<br>Same RF Channel (Band)|tTT<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time between transmitting two<br>packets. Estimation, given by CPU<br>8051.|10|µs|
|TX->RX Switching Time<br>Same RF Channel (Band)|tTR0<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At constant LTRSS, until packet start<br>possible (for receiving at SRQ)|<tRSS0x|µs|
|TX->RX Switching Time<br>Same RF Channel (Band)|tTR1<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At totally different RSS where the<br>LTRSS has to be adapted until<br>packet start possible (for receiving<br>at SRQ).|<tRSS1x|µs|
|RX->TX Switching Time<br>Same RF Channel (Band)|tRT<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time between end receiving and start<br>transmitting a packet. Estimation,<br>given by CPU 8051.|10|µs|
|RX->RX Switching Time<br>Same RF Channel (Band)|tRR0<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At constant LTRSS, until packet start<br>possible (for receiving at SRQ).|<tRSS0x|µs|
|RX->RX Switching Time<br>Same RF Channel (Band)|tRR1<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At totally different RSS where the<br>LTRSS has to be adapted until<br>packet start possible (for receiving<br>at SRQ).|<tRSS1x|µs|
Maxim Integrated │ 14
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Electrical Characteristics (continued)**
(Limits are 100% tested at TA = 85°C. Limits over the operating temperature range and relevant supply voltage range are guaranteed by design and characterization.)
## **TX and RX Timing Parameters (continued)**
**==> picture [506 x 19] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
|**PARAMETER**|**SYMBOL**|**CONDITIONS**|**MIN**<br>**TYP**<br>**MAX**|**UNITS**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|**MuLTI ChANNEL (BANd) OPERATION**|||||
|TX->TX Channel (Band)<br>Switching Time|tTCT<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time between transmitting two<br>packets. Dominated by synthesizer<br>switching.|<tSYNTH<br>_SW|µs|
|TX->RX Switching Time<br>Other RF Channel (Band)|tTCR0<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At constant LTRSS, until packet start<br>possible (for receiving at SRQ).|<tSYNTH<br>_SW<br>+tRSS0x|µs|
|TX->RX Switching Time<br>Other RF Channel (Band)|tTCR1<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At totally different RSS where the<br>LTRSS has to be adapted until<br>packet start possible (for receiving<br>at SRQ).|<tSYNTH<br>_SW<br>+tRSS1x|µs|
|RX->TX Switching Time<br>Other RF Channel (Band)|tRCT<br>(Notes 1, 2)|Time between end receiving and start<br>transmitting a packet. Dominated by<br>synthesizer switching.|<tSYNTH<br>_SW|µs|
|RX->RX Switching Time<br>Other RF Channel (Band)|tRCR0<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At constant LTRSS, until packet<br>start possible (for receiving at SRQ).|<tSYNTH<br>_SW<br>+tRSS0x|µs|
|RX->RX Switching Time<br>Other RF Channel (Band)|tRCR1<br>(Notes 1, 2)|At totally different RSS where the<br>LTRSS has to be adapted until<br>packet start possible (for receiving<br>at SRQ).|<tSYNTH<br>_SW<br>+tRSS1x|µs|
**Note 1:** SRQ fulfilled with: Useful signal applied 3dB above the measured sensitivity limit, however not below maximum of S0X + 3dB.
**Note 2:** Timings are a composite of tested subtimings therefore laboratory evaluation only, not directly production tested.
Maxim Integrated │ 15
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Pin Configuration**
**==> picture [505 x 294] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
TOP VIEW<br>30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21<br>BIST_EN 31 20 TEST0<br>TEST3 32 19 VBG<br>SCSEDIO0 33 18 RVDD<br>SCLKDIO1 34 MAX7037 17 RFGND2<br>WSDADIO2 35 16 RF_P<br>RSDADIO3 36 15 RF_N<br>BIST_PASS 37 14 RFGND1<br>IOVDD 38 13 TEST2<br>DVDD 39 12 VTUNE<br>TM_EN 40 11 SVDD<br>+<br>1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10<br>QFN40<br>(6mm x 6mm)<br>TEST1 BIST_DONE ADIO7 ADIO6 ADIO5 ADIO4 ADIO3 ADIO2 ADIO1 ADIO0<br>RESET WXIDIO WXODIO WAKE0 WAKE1 UVDD VDDLIM VDD XTOT XTIN<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
## **Pin Description**
|**PIN**|**PIN NAME**|**dIRECTION**|**PAD**<br>**TYPE**|**dESCRIPTION**|**SuPPLY/**<br>**IO VOLTAgE**<br>**dOMAIN**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|1|RESET|DI|PD|External Reset Input. High active.|1.8|
|2|WXIDIO|ADIO|SPUPD|GPIO2 Group: Analog/Slow Digital I/O – 32kHz Oscillator<br>XTAL Input|1.8|
|3|WXODIO|ADIO|SPUPD|GPIO2 Group: Analog/Slow Digital I/O – 32kHz Oscillator<br>XTAL Output.|1.8|
|4|WAKE0|DI|S|Wake 0 Input.|1.8|
|5|WAKE1|DI|S|Wake 1 Input.|1.8|
|6|UVDD|AP||UVDD Regulator Output.|1.8|
|7|VDDLIM|A_HV||VDDLimiter.|5|
|8|VDD|A_HV||Main VDD– Input for DVDD/SVDD/RVDD/UVDD regulators|5|
|9|XTOT|AO||16MHz XTAL Output|1.8|
|10|XTIN|AI||16MHz XTAL Input|1.8|
Maxim Integrated │ 16
www.maximintegrated.com
## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Pin description (continued)**
|**PIN**|**PIN NAME**|**dIRECTION**|**PAD**<br>**TYPE**|**dESCRIPTION**|**SuPPLY/**<br>**IO VOLTAgE**<br>**dOMAIN**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|11|SVDD|AP||SVDD Regulator Output.|1.8|
|12|VTUNE|AIO||RF PLL Vtune Debug I/O.|1.8|
|13|TEST2|DI|PD|Test2|1.8|
|14|RFGND1|AG||RF GND|1.8|
|15|RF_N|AIO||RF I/O (n)|1.8|
|16|RF_P|AIO||RF I/O (p)|1.8|
|17|RFGND2|AG||RF GND|1.8|
|18|RVDD|AP||RVDD Regulator Output.|1.8|
|19|VBG|AIO||SD-ADC Bandgap Reference Buffered Output.<br>Decoupling capacitor needed.|1.8|
|20|TEST0|DI|PD|Test0|3.3|
|21|ADIO0|ADIO|SPUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|22|ADIO1|ADIO|SPUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|23|ADIO2|ADIO|SPUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|24|ADIO3|ADIO|SPUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|25|ADIO4|ADIO|PUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|26|ADIO5|ADIO|PUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|27|ADIO6|ADIO|PUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|28|ADIO7|ADIO|PUPD|GPIO1 Group: Analog/Digital I/O.|3.3|
|29|BIST_DONE|ADIO|PD|GPIO0 Group: DIO5. BIST done output (BIST_EN = 1).<br>Analog functionality only in test mode.|3.3|
|30|TEST1|DIO|PD|GPIO0 Group: DIO6. Test1 in test mode.|3.3|
|31|BIST_EN|DI|PD|BIST Enable.|3.3|
|32|TEST3|DIO|PD|GPIO0 Group: DIO7. Test3 in test mode.|3.3|
|33|SCSEDIO0|DIO|PUPD|GPIO0 Group: DIO0 – SPI Chip Select.|3.3|
|34|SCLKDIO1|DIO|PUPD|GPIO0 Group: DIO1 - SPI Clock.|3.3|
|35|WSDADIO2|DIO|PUPD|GPIO0 Group: DIO2 - SPI Data In.|3.3|
|36|RSDADIO3|DIO|PUPD|GPIO0 Group: DIO3 - SPI Data Out.|3.3|
|37|BIST_PASS|DIO|PD|GPIO0 Group: DIO4. BIST pass/fail output (BIST_EN=1).|3.3|
|38|IOVDD|DP||I/O VDD.|3.3|
|39|DVDD|DP||Digital VDD.|1.8|
|40|TM_EN|DI|PD|Test mode enable|1.8|
|41|GND|ADG||Exposed Pad. Connect to ground.||
Maxim Integrated │ 17
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Functional (or Block) diagram**
|||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|||||||||||**MAX7037**||||||||||
|||||||REGULATORS||/BIAS/POR||||FLASH 64K x 8 + 1K x 8||||||||
|||||||||||||||||||||
|||XOSC<br>16MHz<br>FRACTIONAL||||RC OSC<br>100Hz<br>DAC<br>N PLL||LP OSC<br>32 kHz<br>FSK<br>BB TX<br>ASK<br>BB TX||CLK GEN.<br>TX<br>CONTROL<br>TX<br>BUF.||µc<br>8051<br>ROM<br>4K x 8<br>XRAM<br>4K x 8|||||IRAM<br>256 x 8<br>IRQ<br>4-WIRE<br>INTERFACE|POWER MANAGEMENT||
|||4-BAND<br>TX/RX<br>AFE|ROUTING|||ADC<br>ADC||BB<br>DSP||RX<br>CONTROL<br>RX<br>BUF.||TIMER0<br>SP. TIMER2||TIMER1<br>SP. TIMER3|||UART<br>SFR<br>WDTIMER|PRAM||
|||||||||||||||||||||
|||||||||MIXED-SIGNAL SENSOR INTERFACE||||||||||||
|||||||||||||||||||||
## **detailed description**
## **Operation Modes**
## **Overview**
The MAX7037 provides three active modes, a deep sleep mode, and an off mode. The three active modes are:
- CPU Active mode
- RF Transmit mode
- RF Receive mode
## **CPu Active Mode**
In CPU Active mode, the CPU is running normally[1] , and executing application firmware from FLASH. This is the default mode after power-up.
This mode is typically used for TX/RX configuration, system management tasks, or mixed-signal sensor interface activity.
In order to switch to TX or RX activity, certain UART commands should be sent. See below section on _Communication_ .
## **RF Transmit Mode**
The RF Transmit mode is a fully autonomous process controlled by the internal TX state machine (TX FSM), as well as the internal firmware. It requires the CPU to run on a stabilized XTO clock, an RF configuration, and the desired data to be written into the shared RX/TX data buffer. RF Transmit mode is controlled through the firmware and is described in detail in the _Communication_ section below.
Maxim Integrated │ 18
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
The following sequence will configure the MAX7037 for RF Transmit mode and transmit a packet of data. Strings that are sent to the MAX7037 are enclosed in double quotes in the description, but the quotes should not be included in the string.
- 1) Host sends the string “config_tx_radio N” through the UART to MAX7037 firmware. The value N is 1 through 6 inclusive and corresponds to the specific radio mode.
- 2) Host sends the string “write_tx_pkt 4 Byte1 Byte 2 … Byte N” through the UART to MAX7037 firmware. Byte1, Byte2 etc. are replaced by the actual values of the bytes. For example, to send a packet containing byte values 14 58 34 137 216, one would send the string “write_tx_pkt 4 14 58 34 137 216”. The maximum number of data byte values that can be included in the string is 59.
- 3) Host sends the string “send_pkt 1” through the UART
- to the MAX7037 firmware.
- 4) To send another different packet, without changing radio mode, go back to Step 2. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for every packet to be sent.
## **RF Receive Mode**
Similar to the RF Transmit, the RF Receive mode is a fully autonomous process controlled by the internal RX state machine (RX FSM), as well as the internal firmware. It requires the CPU to run on a stabilized XTO clock and an RF configuration. RF Receive mode is controlled through the firmware, and is described in detail in the _Communication_ section below.
The following sequence will configure the MAX7037 for RF Receive mode. Once in receive mode, the host can read out the received data. Strings that are sent to the
MAX7037 are enclosed in double quotes in the description, but the quotes should not be included in the string.
- 1) Host sends the string “config_rx_radio N” through the UART to MAX7037 firmware. The value N is 1 through 6 inclusive and corresponds to the specific radio mode.
- 2) Host sends the string “rx_pkt_start v” through the UART to MAX7037 firmware.
- 3) Host reads the characters received from the MAX7037 UART. Discard all characters until the string “Byte 1 = X\n” where X is the value of the byte and \n is the newline character. The remaining bytes of the packet will be received in the following characters of the string. For example, using the byte values given in the RF Transmit step-by-step instructions, the following will be received: “Byte 1 = 14\nByte 2 = 58\nByte 3 = 34\nByte 4 = 137\nByte 5 = 216\n”. Host extracts the values for the data bytes and discards all other characters.
- 4) The MAX7037 will remain in receive mode, printing out all received packets to the UART until taken out of receive mode by receiving the command string “rx_pkt_stop” from the host. To demarc the end of one packet and the start of the next packet, host must scan for the string: “Byte 0 = X\n”. This string will always be sent before the actual user data values of the packet. For example, if the string contains “Byte 1 = 14\nByte 2 = 58\nByte 3 = 34\nByte 4 = 137\nByte 5 = 216\nByte 0 = 15\nByte 1 = 35\n” then the host knows that the data bytes of one packet are 14, 58, 34, 137, 216, and the first byte of the next packet is 35.
- 5) Host sends the string “rx_pkt_stop” to terminate reception. To resume receive mode, without changing radio mode, go back to step 2.
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver
## for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **TOTAL LOW – IF BLOCKING MASK**
**==> picture [345 x 505] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
80<br>80<br>70<br>P| | te tT | TE TT<br>60<br>pt | tT TT | | TT<br>SRTBM<br>kfy 50 PEt te tePt<br>kt<br>— 40 ELETT<br>Ale tT tt ft<br>0<br>— 30 Litt}<br>20<br>| | | | ft ttyTG |TT| tt<br>10<br>pt tt | tT tT<br>0<br>| | | TT TE | TT TT<br>-10<br>-10 PET tT PT ee 0<br>-12 x 10 [6] f%kt, f%kt, 12 x 10 [6]<br>FREQU DEVIAT FROM CENTER CHANNEL/Hz<br>TOTAL LOW – IF BLOCKING MASK<br>80<br>8070 ee= eeeLt<br>60<br>WITH PERFECTLY TUNED<br>SRTBM _ IMAGE SUPPRESSION =<br>kfy 50 a<br>kt<br>_ 40 LE =<br>—<br>0<br>30<br>— |__| fe | oT tT yt [Tt]<br>20<br>eS eee eee<br>eeee<br>10 eeee<br>0 PS eee<br>-10<br>-10 0<br>-2 x 10 [6] f%kt, f%kt, 2.0 x 10 [6]<br>FREQU DEVIAT FROM CENTER CHANNEL/Hz<br>BLOCKING LEVEL/Hz<br>-1.2 x 107 -1.0 x 107 6-8.0 x 10 6-6.0 x 10 6-4.0 x 10 6-2.0 x 10 62.0 x 10 64.0 x 10 66.0 x 10 68.0 x 10 1.0 x 107 -1.2 x 107<br>BLOCKING LEVEL/Hz<br>6-2.0 x 10 6-1.5 x 10 6-1.0 x 10 -5.0 x 105 5.0 x 105 61.0 x 10 61.5 x 10 62.0 x 10<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 1. Blocking Mask of the Receiver at Double Wideband Operation. (Dotted line with perfect image rejection tuning. The image position may be swapped to upper side too. SRQ fulfilled with: Useful signal applied 3dB above the measured sensitivity limit. However, not below maximum of S0X + 3dB. Blocking signal unmodulated CW.)_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver
## for Consumer/Industrial Applications
**==> picture [343 x 513] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
TOTAL LOW – IF BLOCKING MASK<br>80<br>80<br>70<br>| tT | | | Tc Pc | |<br>60<br>SRTBM<br>kfy 50<br>kt<br>40<br>0<br>30<br>20<br>10<br>0<br>-10<br>-10 PE tT Te Te 0<br>-12 x 10 [6] f%kt, f%kt, 12 x 10 [6]<br>FREQU DEVIAT FROM CENTER CHANNEL/Hz<br>TOTAL LOW – IF BLOCKING MASK<br>80<br>80<br>70<br>po<br>60<br>WITH PERFECTLY TUNED<br>SRTBM IMAGE SUPPRESSION<br>kfy 50<br>kt<br>c=ea===<br>40<br>0<br>_ LE!) fT<br>30<br>— _] bv ft | ft it |<br>20<br>eS ee ee<br>10<br>| | | [| ft | et<br>0<br>| |<br>-10<br>-10 | || || || |beytT 0 t T t<br>-1 x 10 [6] f%kt, f%kt, 1 x 10 [6]<br>FREQU DEVIAT FROM CENTER CHANNEL/Hz<br>BLOCKING LEVEL/Hz<br>-1.2 x 107 -1.0 x 107 6-8.0 x 10 6-6.0 x 10 6-4.0 x 10 6-2.0 x 10 62.0 x 10 64.0 x 10 66.0 x 10 68.0 x 10 1.0 x 107 -1.2 x 107<br>BLOCKING LEVEL/Hz<br>6-1 x 10 -8 x 105 -6 x 105 -4 x 105 -2 x 105 2 x 105 4 x 105 6 x 105 8 x 105 61 x 10<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 2. Blocking Mask of the Receiver at Wideband Operation. (Dotted line with perfect image rejection tuning. The image position may be swapped to upper-side too. SRQ fulfilled with: Useful signal applied 3dB above the measured sensitivity limit. However, not below maximum of S0X + 3dB. Blocking signal unmodulated CW.)_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **deep Sleep Mode**
Deep Sleep mode is used for weak, ambient energypowered, event-triggered TX applications, where ultra-low power consumption is a must. In Deep Sleep mode, only the ultra-low power blocks, excluding WXTO, flywheel timer and short-term timer, are active. Deep Sleep mode is interrupted periodically by an RCO-based, ultra-low-power watchdog timer to allow system polling. A change on the WAKE pins can also be used to exit Deep Sleep mode.
After wakeup from Deep Sleep mode, all configurations have to be re-established.
The system will transition directly from CPU STOP to Deep Sleep mode if there is no TX/RX Activity, and no other destination state is specified.
## **Off Mode**
The MAX7037 is in Off mode when insufficient supply is available. There is no MAX7037 activity and the MAX7037 will not drain current from potentially weak energy sources.
The system will transition from Off mode to CPU Active mode when sufficient supply becomes available (i.e., VDD > VON), as defined in the _Ambient Power Management and Voltage Regulators_ section.
The MAX7037 will transition from any mode to Off mode, in a controlled manner, if the supply voltage (VDD) falls below the off threshold (VOFF) and enough battery charge is available to finish this operation. Further details can be found in the _Ambient Power Management and Voltage Regulators_ section.
It is recommended that, prior to performing the flash write/erase operation, the supply voltage is measured to ensure that that sufficient energy exists to complete the operation. This ensures that the MAX7037 does not transition to Off mode during write/erase of the flash, leading to possible corruption.
## **Communication**
## **Overview**
This section deals with host CPU communication with the MAX7037. There are two topics discussed:
- 1) Configuration of IC through UART.
- 2) Download of firmware to flash memory through SPI.
## **uART Communications**
The host CPU configures the MAX7037 through a set of defined commands. These are sent to the MAX7037 through the UART interface. The firmware, which is in flash memory and is executed by the 8051 microcontroller, implements a command handler routine. The firmware waits for a command to be received from the host. Once a command is received, it parses it, checks for validity of the command and any input arguments, then executes the command. Any command will cause some characters to be output to the host through the UART. For example, if an invalid command is sent, the firmware will respond with a text string indicating the non-validity of the command and prompting for a new command.
## **host uART Settings**
The configuration of the host UART must be as follows:
- Baud Rate = 38400 bps Data = 8 bits Parity = None One stop bit No Flow Control
## **uART Pins and Timing**
The Tx pin is ADIO7 (pin 28) and the Rx pin is ADIO6 (pin 27). The timing is the standard serial interface timing. A single start bit which is always 0 is followed by the 8 data bits, least significant bit first. The final 10th bit is a stop bit which is always 1. The bits are shifted into the Rx pin or out of the Tx pin at the baud rate of 38400 bits/sec so the duration of each bit is the reciprocal of the baud rate. Refer to the timing diagram in Figure 3.
**==> picture [504 x 107] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
1/38,400<br>Tx/Rx D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7<br>START BIT STOP BIT<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 3. UART Timing Diagram_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Commands**
There are a set of commands available for configuring the MAX7037. The whole set can be seen by simply sending the string “help”. The result is shown in Figure 4. If an invalid command is received, the firmware returns a string indicating the command is invalid. To get help for each command, send “help cmd” where cmd is replaced by the command string. For example, “help rssi” will cause the help text for the rssi command to be returned.
The detailed syntax of each command is provided in the following sections. Optional input parameters are enclosed in square parentheses. All input parameters must be separated by one or more space characters. A command is terminated with a newline character.
## **help [cmd]**
The help command will cause a brief description of the command to be returned. The syntax is
## >> help cmd
Where cmd is replaced by the actual command. If just help is input, then the set of commands is returned.
## **pkt_index**
The pkt_index input parameter is an integer with range [0:3] which is used to select one of four pre-defined packets. All four pre-defined packets have a fixed 2-byte preamble and 2-byte packet synchronization bit sequence comprising the packet header. The packet payload depends on the input parameters. The packet corresponding to pkt_index = 0 consists of 24 bytes of incrementing values with the exception of the first byte which specifies the length of the payload in bytes for all packets. The packet payload corresponding to pkt_index = 1 consists of 24 random byte values, again with the exception of the first byte which has a value of 24. The packet payload corresponding to pkt_index = 2 is 60 bytes of incrementing values, and the packet payload corresponding to pkt_index = 3 consists of 60 random byte values. If pkt_index is any value other > 3, then it is ignored and the user-specified payload defined by the optional Byte1, …, ByteN input parameters are used instead. If a value of pkt_index > 3 is specified and there are no user-defined input parameters, then the firmware will return an error message without taking further action.
## **write_tx_pkt pkt_index [Byte1, Byte2, …, ByteN]**
The write_tx_pkt command is used to load the contents of a transmit packet into the data buffer. Either a predefined packet can be loaded or a user-defined packet.
_Figure 4: List of Available Commands_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
The four predefined packets have the following contents:
|**PACkET**<br>**#0**|**PACkET**<br>**#1**|**PACkET**<br>**#2**|**PACkET**<br>**#3**||**PACkET**<br>**#0**|**PACkET**<br>**#1**|**PACkET**<br>**#2**|**PACkET**<br>**#3**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|24|24|60|60||||30|43|
|1|231|1|208||||31|180|
|2|32|2|231||||32|8|
|3|233|3|32||||33|70|
|4|161|4|233||||34|11|
|5|24|5|161||||35|24|
|6|71|6|24||||36|210|
|7|140|7|71||||37|177|
|8|245|8|140||||38|81|
|9|247|9|245||||39|243|
|10|40|10|247||||40|8|
|11|248|11|40||||41|112|
|12|245|12|248||||42|97|
|13|124|13|245||||43|195|
|14|204|14|124||||44|203|
|15|36|15|204||||45|47|
|16|107|16|36||||46|125|
|17|234|17|107||||47|114|
|18|202|18|234||||48|165|
|19|245|19|202||||49|181|
|20|167|20|245||||50|193|
|21|9|21|167||||51|70|
|22|217|22|9||||52|174|
|23|239|23|217||||53|167|
|||24|239||||54|41|
|||25|173||||55|30|
|||26|193||||56|127|
|||27|190||||57|245|
|||28|100||||58|87|
|||29|167||||59|149|
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Byte1, Byte2, …, ByteN**
The user can define their own packet payload through the optional Byte1, …, ByteN input parameters. Each parameter must be a value between 0 and 255 inclusive. If any value is outside of this range, it is replaced with 0 by the firmware. The firmware will count the number of bytes entered and automatically set the first byte of the payload to the length of the payload. Hence inputting N bytes results in a payload of N + 1 bytes, and a total packet length including the header of N + 5 bytes. The maximum payload length supported by MAX7037 is 60 bytes, so if more than 59 byte values are input, any byte values after the 59th one are ignored.
## **write_rx_pkt pkt_index [Byte1, Byte2, …, ByteN]**
The write_rx_pkt command is used to load the expected contents of a received packet into RAM inside the MAX7037. This is required for BER testing. The syntax and usage of the write_rx_pkt command are identical to that of the write_tx_pkt command.
## **send_pkt numTimes [contTx]**
The send_pkt command causes the firmware to initiate transmission of the packet specified by the write_tx_pkt command. The same packet will be transmitted the number of times defined by the input parameter numTimes. One can specify continuous back-to-back transmission of the packet with the contTx input parameter.
## **numTimes**
If numTimes = 0, then the the packet will be continuously transmitted until stopped by reception of a “q” character. If numTimes is any value between 1 and 65535, the packet will be transmitted numTimes number of times, then transmission will stop automatically. The only legal values are 0 to 65535 inclusive. Between successive packet transmissions, the MAX7037 will ramp down the PA output power, pause, then proceed with the next packet transmission, ramping up the PA output power. For BER testing, this does not cause issues, and represents the normal operation of the device where it is sending or receiving one packet at a time. However, for testing of Tx spectral mask compliance, it is preferable to avoid having the PA keep turning off and on. To support this, the optional contTx input parameter is provided.
## **contTx**
If the user provides a contTx input parameter, then it is read by the firmware. If the value is 0, then it is ignored. If non-zero, then the firmware ignores the numTimes parameter and instead just configures the MAX7037 to repeatedly loop through the data buffer causing the same packet to be transmitted continuously. This will continue
until reception of a “q” character. This mode differs from setting numTimes = 0 in that the transmitter circuitry does not power down between each packet transmission. This mode is provided to support transmit mask compliance testing.
## **tx_interval period**
The tx_interval command is used to set the interval between successive packet transmissions.
## **period**
The period input parameter is the interval in 10 millisecond units. The legal range of values is 2 through 255 inclusive. The default value is 100 resulting in one second between successive packet transmissions.
## **rx_pkt_start [verbose]**
The rx_pkt_start command causes the firmware to configure the MAX7037 to receive packets. The MAX7037 remains in this state until the stop_pkt_rx command is received. If the optional input parameter, verbose, is sent, and has a value of “v”, then the contents of each received packet will be output to the terminal. If no input parameter is provided, then nothing is returned. Each time a packet is received, the MAX7037 will toggle the state of the GPIO output pin GPIO1.0 (pin 21). On the MAX7037 EV kit, this pin can be connected to an LED (through appropriate setting of a DIP switch), which will toggle on and off to give a visual indication of packet reception.
Once the rx_pkt_start command has been issued, there are only four commands that can be sent: reset_ber, read_ber, rssi and rx_pkt_stop. Once the rx_pkt_stop command is received by the firmware, it will return full control to the user so that the whole set of commands are available.
## **rx_pkt_stop**
The rx_pkt_stop command causes the firmware to configure the MAX7037 to stop reception of packets. Any reception of any packet that is being received when the command is issued will be completed, after which the reception will be stopped gracefully.
## **ber_enable**
The ber_enable command is used to enable bit error rate measurements. This command would be issued to a MAX7037 configured as a receiver prior to starting packet transmission at a MAX7037 configured as a transmitter. The data field of all packets received will be compared against the expected pattern (programmed with the write_ rx_pkt command). Any bit mismatches are counted and the BER is reported as the ratio of errored bits to total bits.
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
The BER can be read at any time during the test through the read_ber command.
## **ber_disable**
The ber_disable command is used to disable bit error rate measurements. This command would be issued to a MAX7037 configured as a receiver in order to terminate a BER measurement. Disabling the BER measurement does not affect the current value of the reported BER. It will simply stop changing. If BER is enabled again, the BER value will continue being updated from the current value.
## **reset_ber**
The reset_ber command causes the BER value maintained in firmware to be cleared to zero. This command can be issued at any time.
## **read_ber**
The read_ber command returns the current BER value. This command can be issued at any time. The BER value is actually output as two values, both 32-bits. The first value is the numerator of the BER which is the number of errored bits. The second value is the denominator of the BER which is the total number of bits compared. The host
can do the division to compute the BER. For example, if the BER is ~10[-4] , the output from the firmware may be like the following:
>> read_ber
>> BER = 2/16415
## **rssi**
The rssi command returns the current RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) value. This command can be issued at any time. The value returned will be 0 if no packets have yet been received since reset, otherwise the value will be the peak RSSI of the last packet received. Figure 5 shows an approximate mapping of RSSI value to received signal level.
## **config_tx_radio [cfgIdx]**
The config_tx_radio command is used to configure the radio for transmission. For example, to configure a MAX7037 to transmit using FSK, 315MHz center frequency, 31.25Kbps one would send the command: config_tx_radio 3
**==> picture [285 x 209] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
100000<br>10000<br>ee<br>1000<br>100<br>10<br>1<br>-120 -100 -100 -60 -40 -20<br>LEVEL (dBm)<br>RSSI COUNTS (log)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 5. RSSI Mapping from Counts to Signal Level_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **cfgIdx**
The cfgIdx input parameter selects the particular configuration to be used according to the following table. If nothing is entered for this parameter, or any value outside of the range of 1 to 6 inclusive, then the default configuration is FSK, 315MHz, 31.25Kbps.
## **config_rx_radio [cfgIdx]**
|**CFgIdX**|**CONFIguRATION (MOduLATION,**<br>**CARRIER CENTER FREq, BIT RATE)**|
|---|---|
|1|FSK, 902MHz, 31.25Kbps|
|2|FSK, 915MHz, 125Kbps|
|3|FSK, 315MHz, 31.25Kbps|
|4|FSK, 434MHz, 31.25Kbps|
|5|FSK, 928MHz, 125Kbps|
|6|FSK, 868MHz, 31.25Kbps|
|Any Other Value<br>or Not Entered|FSK, 315MHz, 31.25Kbps|
The config_rx_radio command is used to configure the radio for receiving data. For example, to configure a MAX7037 for FSK, 928MHz, 125Kbps operation, one would send the command:
## **config_rx_radio 5**
Refer to the previous table for the decoding of the cfgIdx input parameter.
## **agc_thresh thresh**
The agc_thresh command is used to set the AGC threshold for the receiver. The threshold is set according to the value of the input parameter thresh. During the initial phase of packet reception, if AGC is enabled, the MAX7037 compares the magnitude of the envelope of the received signal against the threshold. If the signal level exceeds the threshold, the AGC gain is set to low; otherwise, it is set to high.
## **agc_status**
The agc_status command is used to query the status of the AGC settings. When the firmware receives this command, it will return two values: the enable/disable state, and the threshold setting. See an example of its usage below.
>> agc_status
>> AGC enabled, threshold = 3
## **agc_disable**
The agc_disable command is used to disable the AGC. The AGC will remain disabled until an agc_enable command is issued.
## **agc_enable**
The agc_enable command is used to enable the AGC. The AGC will remain enabled until an agc_disable command is issued, or the MAX7037 is reset. The firmware disables AGC by default.
## **goto_deep_sleep**
The goto_deep_sleep command puts the MAX7037 into DEEP SLEEP mode. The IC will enter deep sleep for a period of time approximately 47 hours. Reset the MAX7037 to return to active operation.
## **Firmware download Through SPI**
The MAX7037 contains a 64KB flash memory. This is organized into 128 512-byte pages. Following a reset, the MAX7037 executes a bootloader program from a small ROM. Depending on the state of the TEST0 input pin, the MAX7037 will either enter PROGRAMMING mode or RUNTIME mode. In PROGRAMMING mode, the bootloader configures the SPI interface of the MAX7037 and a sequence of messages is transferred over the SPI between the host and the MAX7037 bootloader program. The main purpose is for the host to program the FLASH memory with the firmware code. If the TEST0 pin is such that the MAX7037 enters RUNTIME mode, then it immediately starts executing firmware code from FLASH. This section describes the details of how the host programs the FLASH memory through the SPI.
## **thresh**
The thresh input parameter configures the AGC threshold. It must be a value between 1 and 5. Any value outside of this range, or no value entered at all will result in a default value of 5 being used. A low value of thresh corresponds to a low threshold setting. For maximum sensitivity, use a value of 5.
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **SPI Configuration**
The MAX7037 is configured as an SPI slave and the host will be the SPI master. SPI is an industry standard 4-wire serial interface. The four SPI signals are Chip Select (CS), Master In Slave Out (MISO), Master Out Slave In (MOSI) and the clock signal (SCLK). In Programming mode, the mapping of SPI signals to pins of the MAX7037 is as shown in the following table. The host, being the SPI master, drives CS, SCLK and MOSI. The MAX7037, being the SPI slave, drives only MISO. All SPI signals use 3.3V voltage levels.
|**SPI SIgNAL**|**PIN LABEL**|**PIN NuMBER**|
|---|---|---|
|CS|SCSEDIO0|33|
|MISO|RSDADIO3|36|
|MOSI|WSDADIO2|35|
|SCLK|SCLKDIO1|34|
The SPI Chip Select (CS) is active-low. The SPI is configured as half-duplex, so only MISO or MOSI will be used in any given transaction; not both at the same time. Data is shifted out most significant bit first. The clock polarity is active-low, meaning that the SPI clock is low when idle. For the MAX7037, the clock phase is such that the first bit is sampled on the rising edge of the clock after the CS pin has been asserted, and if bits are read out by the host, MISO transitions on the rising edge of SCLK. For the host, MOSI transitions on the falling edge of SCLK and MISO is sampled on the falling edge of SCLK. The timing relationship between the SPI signals can be seen in Figure 6 which shows an example of a single byte being written to the MAX7037 by the host. Figure 7 shows an example of a byte being read from the MAX7037 by the host. The arrows indicate the sampling instants. The frequency of SCLK should not exceed 2MHz.
**==> picture [504 x 133] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
CS<br>MOSI X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 X<br>SCLK<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 6. Example of SPI Transaction—Data Sent From Host to MAX7037_
**==> picture [504 x 134] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
CS<br>MISO X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0<br>SCLK<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 7. Example of SPI Transaction—Data Sent From MAX7037 to Host_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Additional handshaking Signals**
Although the four SPI pins provide the raw means to transfer data between the host and the MAX7037, some additional signals are required to synchronize the handshaking required in the communication protocol. For example, the MAX7037 will require some time to execute a command from the host. To prevent the host from issuing the next command before the MAX7037 is ready for it, the SYNCH signal is provided. As mentioned previously, the host indicates to the MAX7037 whether it should enter Programming or Runtime mode following de-assertion of reset by the TEST0 pin. Finally, the host drives the reset pin. These three signals are shown in the following table.
|**SIgNAL**|**PIN LABEL**|**PIN NuMBER**|
|---|---|---|
|PGM|TEST0|20|
|RESET|RESET|1|
|SYNCH|ADIO7|28|
## **PgM**
The use of the PGM signal is shown in the flowchart in Figure 18. After programming the firmware to flash, the host simply reasserts reset and this time, when reset is de-asserted, sets the PGM signal low so the MAX7037 will enter Runtime mode. Note that the TEST0 pin has an internal pulldown resistor.
**==> picture [242 x 247] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
RESET FALLING EDGE OR<br>POWER ON<br>RUNTIME MODE<br>PGM SIGNAL NO<br>(RUN PROGRAM IN<br>HIGH?<br>FLASH)<br>YES<br>CONFIGURE AS<br>SPI SLAVE, GPIO<br>PROGRAMMING MODE<br>(WAIT FOR COMMANDS FROM<br>HOST THROUGH SPI )<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 8. Boot Process_
## **SYNCh**
The SYNCH signal provides a means for the MAX7037 to indicate a “busy” status to the host. When the MAX7037 is busy executing some operations, and is not yet ready to receive the next command from the host, it asserts the SYNCH signal low. After sending a command to the MAX7037, the host will see SYNCH go low. It must wait until SYNCH goes high before it issues the next command.
## **Putting MAX7037 Into Programming Mode**
In order to put the MAX7037 into Programming mode, the following sequence of actions should be executed by the host.
- 1) Initialize itself as a SPI master with the SPI configuration described in the SPI Confguration section.
- 2) Set PGM signal high.
- 3) Set RESET signal high.
- 4) Wait at least 1ms.
- 5) Set RESET signal low.
- 6) Wait at least 1ms.
- 7) Set PGM signal low.
- 8) Wait for SYNCH to go high.
- 9) While the MAX7037 is configuring itself as a SPI slave and so on, it asserts SYNCH low. Once it has fully entered Programming mode and is ready to receive the first command from the host, it asserts SYNCH high.
## **SPI Transactions**
The firmware programming sequence consists of a series of transactions on the SPI bus. All SPI transactions consist of 4-byte transfers. The communication protocol is of the command-response type: the host issues a command to the MAX7037, and the MAX7037 responds with an answer. A command or response consists of at least two 4-byte transfers.
It is important for the synchronization of host MAX7037 communications that the host not assert CS while the MAX7037 is still busy processing the previously received command. An example of an SPI transaction showing a command being sent to the MAX7037 is shown in Figure 9. In this example, the command consists of 8 bytes and so consists of two transactions of 4 bytes each. The first 4 byte segment of the command consists of the hex values: 0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x4B. The second 4-byte segment of the command consists of the hex values: 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xF0. The host initially asserts CS after observing that SYNCH is high. It then toggles SCLK and drives the data onto the MOSI line. After de-asserting CS following
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Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## MAX7037
the sending of the first four bytes, the host waits to see a de-assertion of SYNCH followed by a re-assertion. Following SYNCH going high, the host asserts CS for the second set of four bytes. After observing SYNCH go low, then high again following the second set of four bytes, the host can then consider the sending of the command completed.
Figure 10 shows an example SPI transaction where the MAX7037 is providing a response to the previously issued command. In this case, the host asserts CS after observing that SYNCH is high. It toggles SCLK and the MAX7037 will start shifting out data on MISO. The host receives the first four bytes which are 0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x8C. After receiving the first four bytes, the host deasserts CS, then waits for SYNCH to go low, then high, after which it asserts CS for the second set of four bytes.
These are 0x04, 0x01, 0x00 and 0x36. Following deassertion of CS, the MAX7037 brings SYNCH low, then high again. Upon observing this, the host knows that the response has completed. It then processes the received data.
The required sequence of actions of the host to ensure synchronization of the handshaking with the MAX7037 is described by the flow chart in Figure 11. In order to avoid deadlock, the host must be sampling SYNCH often enough to detect the high–low–high transition of SYNCH. The busy state (duration of SYNCH being low) can range from 30µs to 60ms.
**==> picture [504 x 177] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
SYNCH<br>CS<br>MOSI 0xA5 0x5A 0xA5 0x4B 0 0 0 0xF0<br>SCLK ... ... ... ...<br>MISO<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 9. Example SPI Transaction Host_ ≥ _MAX7037_
**==> picture [504 x 177] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
SYNCH<br>CS<br>MOSI<br>SCLK<br>MISO 0xA5 0x5A 0xA5 0x8C 0x04 0x01 0x00 0x36<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 10. Example SPI Transaction MAX7037_ ≥ _Host_
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## MAX7037
**==> picture [242 x 561] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
START<br>SYNCH SIGNAL NO<br>HIGH?<br>YES<br>SET CS LOW<br>CLOCK IN/OUT 4 BYTES<br>SET CS HIGH<br>SYNCH SIGNAL NO<br>LOW?<br>YES<br>YES ANOTHER 4<br>BYTES TO RECEIVE/<br>SEND?<br>NO<br>FINISHED<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 11: Four-byte Message Transmission/Reception Flow Chart_
## **Firmware hex File**
The firmware is provided as a text file in the Intel HEX format. The version number of the firmware is encoded in the filename. For example, the name of the V1.0 release firmware file is MAX7037_FW_V1.0.hex. Each firmware version has an associated text file which is the release notes for the firmware. The release notes contain critical information on values that need to be transferred over the SPI during firmware download in addition to a description of any new features. The filename of the release notes has the format MAX7037_FW_Vx.y_RELNOTES.txt, where x.y is the release number of the firmware version. For example, the release notes for V1.0 have the filename MAX7037_FW_V1.0_RELNOTES.txt.
The Intel HEX format is an industry standard format and information on it can be found online[2] . It will be assumed the reader is familiar with this format. The first step is for the host to reformat the HEX file into a form it can transfer. This is left to the customer to handle. Typically, one scans through the file considering each record in turn. The data is extracted, along with the address, in flash, where the data is to be written. The checksum for each record should be checked and the file conversion process terminated with an error if a checksum error is detected since a bad checksum on a record indicates a corrupted file. The checksum is such that if one sums all the bytes in the record, including the checksum, the result should be 0, if the checksum is valid.
Recall that the flash is organized into 512-byte pages. An integral number of pages must always be written. One cannot write a fraction of a page. If the total number of data bytes in a firmware build is N, then there will be floor(N/512) full pages, plus one partially filled page containing N – 512 x floor(N/512) bytes. The remainder of this final partially filled page needs to be padded with some value (0xFF is recommended) so that the total number of bytes in the image is 512 x (floor(N/512) + 1). The release notes will contain information on the total number of data bytes in the image, plus the number of pages required to hold the firmware. After extracting the data from the HEX file, the resulting total byte count and number of pages should be compared against the values in the release notes to confirm they match.
At the end of this data extraction process, the host will have an array in its memory of all the bytes that need to be written to the flash in order of address starting from 0x0000. These bytes will, at some point in the process, be transferred, four at a time, through the SPI, to the MAX7037, where the bootloader will write them to flash.
_2 E.g., https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_HEX contains a good description of the HEX format_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Error detection Code**
In order to detect corruption of the firmware image in flash, a 16-bit error detection code is used. This code is written to the last two bytes of the last page of the firmware image. An illustration is given in Figure 12. For example, if a firmware release has 14,645 bytes of data, then this is 28.604 pages. Therefore, 29 pages will be required to hold the complete image. There will be 309 bytes of the 29th page filled with data. The remaining 203 bytes of the 29th page should be padded with 0xFF. Then the top two bytes at addresses 0x1FE and 0x1FF of this 29th page should be overwritten with the error detection code. In other words, the absolute addresses of 0x39FE and 0x39FF in flash (in this example) will contain the error detection code. The error detection code will be provided in the release notes.
## **Programming Sequence**
This section describes the sequence of messages that need to be transferred back and forth between host and MAX7037 during the firmware programming operation. The host is assumed to have generated an array consisting of all the bytes that need to be written to flash, including padding bytes and the error detection code. As discussed, this will be an integral number of 512-byte pages. If at any point in the sequence, the MAX7037 detects an error (possibly due to mis-configuration or mis-progamming by the host), it will return a message having contents other than what is expected. This is indicated in the fol-
**==> picture [242 x 188] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
FIRMWARE LENGTH - 1<br>ERROR DETECTION CODE<br>FIRMWARE LENGTH - 2<br>FIRMWARE<br>0<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
lowing description by the statement “go to error state.” If this happens, the host should return to the beginning of the sequence, reset the MAX7037, with the PRG signal high, and start the sequence over again. The sequence is assumed to start after the host has put the MAX7037 into Programming mode.
- 1) Send the 2 X 4-byte command: {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x4B, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xF0}
- 2) Read the 2 X 4-byte response. If it is not {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x8C, 0x04, 0x01, 0x00, 0x36 go to error state, else go to next step
- 3) Send the 2 X 4-byte command: {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x6E, Param1, 0x00, 0x00, Param2}. Param1 and Param2 are firmware version-dependent and so provided in the release notes for the firmware.
- 4) Read the 2 X 4-byte response. If it is not {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x58, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0xFE go to error state, else go to next step
- 5) Send the data array, 4-bytes at a time until all pages have been sent.
- 6) Read the 2 X 4-byte response. If it is not {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x58, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0xFE go to error state, else go to next step
- 7) Send the 2 X 4-byte command: {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x6C, Param3, 0x00, Param4, Param5}. Param3, Param4 and Param5 are firmware version-dependent and so provided in the release notes for the firmware.
- 8) Read the 2 X 4-byte response. If it is not {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x58, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0xFE go to error state, else go to next step
- 9) Send the 2 X 4-byte command: {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x71, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x16}
- 10) Read the 2 X 4-byte response. If it is not {0xA5, 0x5A, 0xA5, 0x58, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0xFE go to error state, else go to next step
- 11) Assert RESET for 1 ms with PGM low to reset MAX7037 and put into Runtime mode. Release control of the SPI bus.
_Figure 12. FLASH Error Detection Code_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Typical Application Circuit**
**==> picture [505 x 557] intentionally omitted <==**
**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
RVDD<br>SVDD<br>DVDD<br>SCLKKDIO 1<br>SCSEDIO0<br>WSDADIO2<br>RSDADIO3 IOVDD<br>DGND<br>WXODIO0<br>WXIDIO0<br>RXDAT<br>ADIO7<br>ADIO6<br>ADIO5<br>ADIO4<br>DIGITAL IF<br>PROCESSING ADIO3<br>AN1+, AN1- ADIO2<br>ANAL IF PROC AN0+, AN0- ADIO1<br>ADIO0<br>DAC-OUT<br>AGND<br>C<br>VDDLIM VDD UVDD WAKE0 WAKE1 RESET<br>VOLTAGE LIMITER BIAS ON/OFF THRESHOLD DETECT OFF D. ULP REG. RCO WADG TIMER<br>C<br>POWER MANAGEMENT POWER LOGIC VOLTAGE C<br>DISTRIBUTION AND CONTROL REGULATORS C<br>EXT SERIAL INTERF. 0 RAM0 RAM1 ROM FLASH PON/ POFF<br>ON/OFF<br>CONFIG<br>8051<br>ONTROL CPU (INCLUDING CPU TIMERS )<br>µC AND C<br>FREQUENCY<br>ShT TIM. TX STATE MACHINE TX AND RX BUFFER RX STATE MACHINE PROCESS FLYWH. TI. WXTO WW-XTAL<br>MOD AND DAT<br>TXDAT<br>DIG. CLKS<br>FSK BASB TX ASK BASB TX ASK AND FSK DEMOD MIXED SIGNAL SENSOR INTERFACE<br>DAC<br>Mg Ph<br>D<br>DIGITAL CLOCK GENERAT. PLL A EVALUATION<br>IF-mag, An0, An1<br>XTIN A D A D<br>XTAL XTO FRACTIONAL N SYNTHESIZER ANTI LOW-IF RECIEVER<br>ALIAS LP<br>LOCAL OSCILLATOR<br>XTOT<br>RF- TX RF- RX<br>MAX7037 T<br>RF TRX<br>RGND0 RFP RFN RGND1<br>C RVDD<br>RVDD L L<br>SAW<br>RVDD<br>C<br>C<br>D<br>A<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>
_Figure 13: Typical Application Circuit_
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Ordering Information**
|**PART**|**TEMP RANgE**|**PIN-PACkAgE**|
|---|---|---|
|MAX7037EGL+|-40°C to +85°C|40 TQFN|
|MAX7037EGL+T|-40°C to +85°C|40 TQFN|
_+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. T = Tape and reel._
## **Package Information**
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to **www.maximintegrated.com/packages** . Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
|**PACkAgE**|**PACkAgE**|**OuTLINE**|**LANd PATTERN**|
|---|---|---|---|
|**TYPE**|**CODE**|**NO.**|**NO.**|
|TQFN|G4066N-1|**21-0635**|**90-0367**|
|||||
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## MAX7037
## Sub-1GHz, Ultra-Low-Power, RF ISM Transceiver for Consumer/Industrial Applications
## **Revision history**
|**Revision**|**history**|||
|---|---|---|---|
|**REVISION**<br>**NuMBER**|**REVISION**<br>**DATE**|**dESCRIPTION**|**PAGES**<br>**ChANgEd**|
|0|9/16|Initial release|—|
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.
_Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance._
© 2016 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. │ 35
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
Updated at February 9, 2023
Since its inception in 1965, Analog Devices has established itself as a global leader in the design and manufacturing of high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and digital signal processing (DSP) integrated circuits. The company is renowned for solving complex engineering challenges by providing critical technologies that seamlessly convert real-world phenomena into precise electrical signals for the industrial, automotive, communications, and consumer markets. Within its extensive portfolio, Analog Devices provides highly reliable clock, timing, and frequency management solutions, featuring a comprehensive array of precision timers, oscillators, and pulse generators. Complementing this core lineup is a robust offering of driver and interface ICs, particularly high-performance I/O expanders that enable seamless connectivity and streamline complex electronic system architectures. Beyond these foundational integrated circuits, Analog Devices leads the industry in sensor innovation, delivering advanced MEMS accelerometers and integrated MEMS modules designed for exceptional precision in motion sensing. To support complete hardware designs, the company's specialized offerings also encompass discrete bipolar transistors, sub-2.4GHz RF transceivers, temperature-compensated oscillators, and dedicated power management components such as DC/DC converters and LED driver ICs.
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