IN 100-S

## **Current Transducer IN 100-S** 

## _I_ **= 100 A** P N 

For the electronic measurement of current: DC, AC, pulsed..., with galvanic separation between the primary and the secondary circuit. 

## **Features** 

- ●Closed loop (compensated) current transducer using an 

   - extremely accurate zero flux detector 

- ●9-pin D-Sub male secondary connector 

- ●Status signal to indicate the transducer state 

- ●LED indicator confirms normal operation 

- ●Metal housing to improve immunity to EMC & power dissipation 

- ●Operating temperature −40 °C to 85 °C 

- ●Transducer identification 

- ●Large aperture ⌀ 28 mm for cables and busbars. 

## **Advantages** 

- ●Very high accuracy 

- ●Excellent linearity 

- ●Extremely low temperature drift 

- ●Wide frequency bandwidth 

- ●High immunity to external fields 

- ●No insertion losses 

- ●Very low noise on output signal 

- ●Low noise feedback to primary conductor. 

## **Applications** 

- ●Feedback element in high performance gradient amplifiers for MRI 

- ●Feedback element in high-precision, high-stability power supplies 

- ●Calibration unit 

- ●Energy measurement 

- ●Medical equipment. 

## **Standards** 

EMC: 

- ●EN 61000-6-2: 2016 

- ●EN 61000-6-3: 2007 + A1 (2011) 

Safety: 

- ●EN 61010-1: 2010 + A1 (2016) 

- ●IEC 61010-2-030: 2017. 

## **Application Domains** 

- ●Industrial 

- ●Laboratory 

- ●Medical. 

N° 97.N6.34.000.0 

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**IN 100-S** 

## **Safety** 

⚠ Caution 

If the device is used in a way that is not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the device may be compromised. Always inspect the electronics unit and connecting cable before using this product and do not use it if damaged. Mounting assembly shall guarantee the maximum primary conductor temperature, fulfill clearance and creepage distance, minimize electric and magnetic coupling, and unless otherwise specified can be mounted in any orientation. 

Caution, risk of electrical shock 

This transducer must be used in limited-energy secondary circuits SELV according to IEC 61010-1, in electric/electronic equipment with respect to applicable standards and safety requirements in accordance with the manufacturer’s operating specifications. 

Use caution during installation and use of this product; certain parts of the module can carry hazardous voltages and high currents (e.g. primary conductor). 

Ignoring this warning can lead to injury and or/or cause serious damage. 

De-energize all circuits and hazardous live parts before installing the product. 

All installations, servicing operations and use must be carried out by trained and qualified personnel practicing applicable safety precautions. 

This transducer is a built-in device, no maintenance required; cleaning by dry compressed air is authorized. 

This transducer is a build-in device, whose hazardous live parts must be inaccessible after installation. 

This transducer must be mounted in a suitable end-enclosure. 

Besides make sure to have a distance of minimum 30 mm between the primary conductor (return bar) and the transducer and other neighboring components. 

Main supply must be able to be disconnected. 

Always inspect the current transducer for damage before using this product. 

Never connect or disconnect the external power supply while the primary circuit is connected to live parts. Never connect the output to any equipment with a common mode voltage to earth greater than 30 V. 

Always wear protective clothing and gloves if hazardous live parts are present in the installation where the measurement is carried out. 

Safe and trouble-free operation of this transducer can only be guaranteed if transport, storage and installation are carried out correctly and are carried out with care. 

The current transducer shall not be opened or modified. 

If not working, the current transducer shall be replaced by an equivalent device. 

## ESD susceptibility 

The product is susceptible to be damaged from an ESD event and the personnel should be grounded when handling it. 

## Caution, hot surface 

Power supply cable must support a temperature of 100 °C at least and it must be fixed in a way to not be in contact with the product housing and primary conductor. 

Do not dispose of this product as unsorted municipal waste. Contact a qualified recycler for disposal. 

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**IN 100-S** 

## **Absolute maximum ratings** 

**==> picture [512 x 23] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Parameter Symbol Unit Value<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


|**Parameter**|**Symbol**|**Unit**|**Value**|
|---|---|---|---|
|||||
|Maximum supply voltage (working) (−40 … 85 °C)|±_U_C max|V|16.5|
|Maximum primary conductor temperature|_T_B max|°C|100|
|Electrostatic discharge voltage (HBM - Human Body Model)|_U_ESD HBM|kV|2|



Absolute maximum ratings apply at 25 °C unless otherwise noted. Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods may degrade reliability. 

## **Environmental and mechanical characteristics** 

|**Parameter**|**Symbol**|**Unit**|**Min**|**Typ**|**Max**|**Comment**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Ambient operating temperature|_T_A|°C|−40||85||
|Ambient storage temperature|_T_A st|°C|−40||85||
|Relative humidity|_RH_|%|20||80|Non-condensing|
|Mass|_m_|g||275|||
|Altitude1)||m|||2000||
|Environmental conditions||||||Indoor|
|Cooling conditions||||||Natural convection|
|Degree of protection against mechanical impacts||||IK06||With busbar<br>completely flling the<br>aperture|



## **Insulation coordination** 

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Parameter Symbol Unit ≤  Value Comment<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


|**Parameter**|**Symbol**|**Unit**|_≤_**Value**|**Comment**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
||||||
|RMS voltage for AC insulation test, 50 Hz, 1 min|_U_d|kV|4.95|Between primary and secondary +<br>shield, according to IEC 61010-1|
|Impulse withstand voltage 1.2/50 μs|_U_Ni|kV|8|According to IEC 61010-1|
|Partial discharge RMS test voltage (_q_m< 10 pC)|_U_t|V|1900|According to IEC 61010-1|
|Clearance (pri. - sec.)2)|_d_CI|mm|11.2|Shortest distance through air|
|Creepage distance (pri. - sec.)2)|_d_Cp|mm|11.2|Shortest path along device body|
|Case material|-|-|V0|According to UL 94|
|Comparative tracking index|_CTI_||600||
|Application<br>RMS voltage line-to-neutral||V|1000|Reinforced insulation according to<br>IEC 61010-1<br>CAT II, PD2<br>With non insulated busbar completely<br>flling the aperture|



Notes: 

- 1) Insulation coordination at 2000 m 

- 2)  Mating connector not included in this calculation, which can degrade Clearance and Creepage distance depending on the material and dimensions of said mating connector. 

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**IN 100-S** 

**Electrical data** 

At _T_ A = 25 °C, ± _U_ C  = ±15 V DC, unless otherwise noted (see Min, Max, typ, definition paragraph in page 5). 

|**Parameter**|**Symbol**|**Unit**|**Min**|**Typ**|**Max**|**Comment**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Primary nominal DC current (continuous)|_I_P N DC|A|−100||100|_T_A= −40 ... 85 °C|
|Primary nominal AC RMS current (continuous)|_I_P N AC|A|−100||100|_T_A= −40 ... 85 °C;<br>see figure 6|
|Peak primary current, measuring range|_Î_P M|A|−150||150|With ±_U_C= 14.25 V,<br>_T_A= 40 ... 85 °C,<br>_R_M= 20 Ω (see page 5);<br>see figures 1, figure 6|
|Measuring resistance|_R_M|Ω|0||20|See figures 1, 2 and<br>page 5 for other values|
|Secondary nominal RMS current|_I_S N|A|−0.2||0.2||
|Maximum withstand primary peak current1)|_Î_P max|kA|||20|Non repetitive pulse 500 ms|
|Resistance of secondary winding|_R_S|Ω||16||@ 25 °C|
|Number of secondary turns|_N_S|||500|||
|DC supply voltage⎓|_+U_C|V|14.25|15|15.75||
|DC supply voltage⎓|−_U_C|V|−14.25|−15|−15.75||
|DC current consumption⎓|_+I_C|A||0.12||@_I_P= 0|
|||||0.32||@_I_P=_I_P N|
|||||0.420||@_I_P=_I_P M|
|DC current consumption⎓|−_I_C|A||0.07||@_I_P= 0|
|||||0.27||@_I_P=_I_P N|
|||||||@_I_P=_I_P M|
|RMS noise current 0 ... 100 Hz referred to primary2)|_I_no|ppm|||||
|RMS noise current 0 ... 1 kHz referred to primary2)|||||1||
|RMS noise current 0 ... 10 kHz referred to primary2)|||||4||
|RMS noise current 0 ... 100 kHz referred to primary2)|||||15||
|Output peak-to-peak noise current2)|_I_no pp|ppm||50|100|See figure 7|
|Re-injected RMS noise on primary bus bar||µV|||10||
|Fluxgate excitation frequency||kHz||31.25||_T_A= −40 ... 85 °C|
|Electrical offset current referred to primary2)|_I_O E|ppm|−15||15|@ 25 °C|
|Temperature coefficient of_I_O Ereferred to primary2)|_TCI_O E|ppm/K|−0.4|0.2|0.4|_T_A= −40 ... 85 °C|
|Offset stability2)||ppm/month|−0.1||0.1||
|Linearity error2)|_ε_L|ppm|−1.2|0.8|1.2||
||||−1.5||1.5|_T_A= −40 ... 85 °C|
|Delay time to 10 % of the final output value for_I_P Nstep|_t_D 10|ns|||< 200|See figures 3 and 4|
|Delay time to 90 % of the final output value for_I_P Nstep|_t_D 90|ns|||< 200|d_i_/d_t_of 100 A/µs|
|Frequency bandwidth (±1 dB)|_BW_|kHz||1000||Small-signal bandwidth,<br>1.5 % of_I_P N see figure 5|
|Frequency bandwidth (±3 dB)||||2000|||
|Start-up time|_t_start|s|||< 1|_T_A= −40 ... 85 °C|
|Resistance value for transducer identification||kΩ||100|||



Notes:[1)] Single pulse only, not AC. The transducer may require a few seconds to return to normal operation when autoreset system is running;[2)] All ppm figures refer to full-scale which corresponds to a secondary nominal RMS current. 

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**IN 100-S** 

## **Definition of typical, minimum and maximum values** 

Minimum and maximum values for specified limiting and safety conditions have to be understood as such as well as values shown in “typical” graphs. 

On the other hand, measured values are part of a statistical distribution that can be specified by an interval with upper and lower limits and a probability for measured values to lie within this interval. 

Unless otherwise stated (e.g. “100 % tested”), the LEM definition for such intervals designated with “min” and “max” is that the probability for values of samples to lie in this interval is 99.73 %. 

For a normal (Gaussian) distribution, this corresponds to an interval between −3 sigma and +3 sigma. If “typical” values are not obviously mean or average values, those values are defined to delimit intervals with a probability of 68.27 %, corresponding to an interval between −sigma and +sigma for a normal distribution. 

Typical, maximal and minimal values are determined during the initial characterization of the product. 

## **Power supply and load** 

In order to reach the measuring range according to the maximum measuring resistor, be careful with the setup measurement when wires length are high. It means that: 

- the wires resistance could be not negligible 

- the voltage at the output of the DC power supply and the voltage at the transducer could be significantly different. 

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+  U C R W1 +  U C Transducer<br>0V<br>-  U 0VC RR W1W1 -  U C<br>R LOAD<br>Minimum ±  U C  -5% must be<br>seen by the transducer<br>DC power<br>supply<br>R W wires<br>resistance could<br>be not negligible<br>W2<br>R<br>OUTPUT OUTPUT RETURN<br>W2<br>R<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


_R_ W wire resistance in Ω is: 

_ℓ R_ W = _ρ A_ W 

_A W_ : Cross section of wire in m[2 ] _ℓ_ : Wire length in m _ρ_ : Resistivity of material in Ω.m 

## **Total measuring resistance is:** 

_R_ M = _R_ L + 2 × _R_ W1 + 2 × _R_ W2 

If _R_ W1 = _R_ W2 = _R_ W then _R_ M = _R_ L + 4 × _R_ W 

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**IN 100-S** 

## **Transducer protection** 

## **By-design protection system** 

The transducer is designed to protect itself from typical fault conditions: 

- Unit is not powered and secondary circuit is open or closed 

- Unit is powered and secondary circuit is open or interrupted 

The transducer can withstand primary current of up to 5 times _I_ P N (both in DC and AC) without damaging the electronics. Notice that the sensor core can be magnetized in the above mentioned cases, leading to a small change in output offset current. 

## **Overload protection** 

The overload occurs when the primary current _I_ P  exceeds a trip level such that the fluxgate detector becomes completely saturated and, consequently, the transducer will switch from normal operation to overload mode. 

This trip level is guaranteed to be greater than _I_ P M and its actual value depends on operating conditions such as temperature and measuring resistance. 

When this happens, the transducer will automatically begin to sweep in order to lock on the primary current again. The output will be force to 0 V, so the burden will be short-circuited. 

The overload conditions will be: 

- Pin 6 is forced to 0 V. 

- The signal normal operation status (between pin 3 and 8 of the D-Sub connector) is open. 

- The green LED indicator (normal operation status) turns off. 

The measuring can resume when the primary current returns in the measuring range (see measuring range figures in page 7). Then the signal normal operation status switches to GND and the green LED indicator (normal operation status) is closed. 

## **Status/Interlock port wiring** 

The following table shows how the normal operation status acts as below: 

|**Status**|**Value**|**Description**|
|---|---|---|
|Active Low|0 V|The transducer is OK (Normal operation)|
||_U+_|The transducer is not OK (Overload mode or supply fault)|
|Active High|_U+_|The transducer is OK (Normal operation)|
||0 V|The transducer is not OK (Overload mode or supply fault)|



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**IN 100-S** 

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. |<br>‘0 SwRSS ”| of |<br>ff) SS yj | |<br>ee<br>;50 70 90 110 130 150 pt50 60 |70 tT80<br>I P (A peak) I P (A RMS)<br> (Ohm)  (Ohm)<br>max max<br>M M<br>R R<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 1:  Measuring range at ±14.25 V considering peak current 

Figure 2:  Measuring range at ±14.25 V considering RMS current 

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140<br>120<br>Pulse<br>100 Response<br>80<br>60<br>4020 aa<br>0<br>0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500<br>Time (µs)<br>(A)<br>I P<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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140<br>120<br>100<br>80<br>Pulse<br>60 Response<br>40<br>20<br>0<br>198 200 202 204 206 208 210<br>Time (µs)<br>(A)<br>I P<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 3:  Typical transducer pulse response at 25 °C with 10 Ω burden 

Figure 4: Zoom on figure 3 

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8 40<br>|<br>6 | 30<br>4 || | 20<br>|<br>2 || 10<br>||<br>0 ar 0<br>a ee ee — Sensitivity<br>-2 a ee ee elie -10 — Phase<br>|<br>-4 a -20<br>|<br>-6 | -30<br>|<br>-8 || -40<br>0,01 0,1 1 10 100 1000<br>Frequency (kHz)<br>Phase (°)<br>Sensitivity (dB)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 5:  Typical transducer bandwidth response at 25 °C under 1.5 Ω 

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**IN 100-S** 

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120<br>100<br>80<br>60<br>25°C<br>85°C<br>40<br>20<br>0<br>0,01 0,1 1 10 100<br>Frequency (kHz)<br> (A RMS)<br>P<br>I<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 6:  Derating curve 

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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
1,50<br>1,00<br>0,50<br>0,00 Competitor<br>ITx05<br>-0,50 IN X00<br>-1,00<br>-1,50<br>0 20 40 60 80 100<br>Time (µs)<br>Ripple (mV)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 7: Ripple waveform with a 10 Ω burden on a scope 

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**IN 100-S** 

## **Terms and definitions** 

The schematic used to measure all electrical parameters is shown below: 

## **Total error referred to primary** 

The total error _ε_ tot is the error at ± _I_ P N, relative to the rated value _I_ P N. 

It includes all errors mentioned above 

**==> picture [177 x 61] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
I P I S I S : U C<br>“DE e—<br>( R M U C<br>Normal operation status<br>Normal operation status<br>@ Ground<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **Ampere-turns and amperes** 

The transducer is sensitive to the primary current linkage _Θ_ P (also called ampere-turns). 

_Θ_ P = _N_ P ⋅ _I_ P 

Where _N_ P is the number of primary turn (depending on the connection of the primary jumpers). 

Caution: As most applications will use the transducer with only one single primary turn ( _N_ P = 1), much of this datasheet is written in terms of primary current instead of current linkages. However, the ampere-turns (A) unit is used to emphasis that current linkages are intended and applicable. 

## **Simplified transducer model** 

The static model of the transducer with current output at temperature _T_ A is: 

_I_ S = _S_ ⋅ _Θ_ P ⋅ (1 + _ε_ ) 

In which (referred to primary): 

_ε_ ⋅ _Θ_ P = _I_ O E + _I_ O _T_ + _εS_ ⋅ _Θ_ P  + _εS T_ ⋅ _Θ_ P  + _ε_ L( _Θ_ P max) ⋅ _Θ_ P max + _I_ O M 

- _Θ_ P = _N_ P ⋅ _I_ P : primary current linkage (A) 

- _Θ_ P max :  maximum primary current linkage applied to the transducer 

- _I_ S : secondary current (A) 

_S_ : sensitivity of the transducer _T_ A : ambient operating temperature (°C) _I_ O E : electrical offset current (A) _I_ O M : magnetic offset current (A) _I_ O _T_ : temperature variation of _I_ O E (A) _εS_ : sensitivity error at 25 °C _εS T_ : thermal drift of _S ε_ L( _Θ_ P max) : linearity error for _Θ_ P max 

- ●the electrical offset _I_ O E 

- ●the magnetic offset _I_ O M 

- ●the sensitivity error _ε S_ 

- ●the linearity error _ε_ L (to _I_ P N). 

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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Total error  ℇ tot<br>0.12 at  U C = ... V and  T A = 25 °C<br>aver. + 3σ<br>0.10<br>0.08<br>0.06 I O M (max) /  I P N<br>=<br>0.04<br>I O E (max) /  I P N<br>0.02<br>0.00<br>-0.02<br>-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1<br>I P / ( K OL ·  I P N) with  K OL = 1 ... 10<br> (% ) I P N<br>tot<br>ℇ<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 8: Total error _ε_ tot 

## **Electrical offset referred to primary** 

Using the current cycle shown in figure 6, the electrical offset current _I_ O E is the residual output referred to primary when the input current is zero. 

**==> picture [89 x 28] intentionally omitted <==**

The temperature variation _I_ O _T_ of the electrical offset current _I_ O E is the variation of the electrical offset from 25 °C to the considered temperature. 

**==> picture [133 x 15] intentionally omitted <==**

This model is valid for primary ampere-turns _Θ_ P between − _Θ_ P max and + _Θ_ P max only. This is the absolute maximum error. As all errors are independent, a more realistic way to calculate the error would be to use the following formula: 

**==> picture [53 x 36] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
N<br>2<br>ε = ∑ε i<br>i =1<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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**IN 100-S** 

## **Performance parameters definition** 

## **Sensitivity and linearity** 

To measure sensitivity and linearity, the primary current (DC) is cycled from 0 to _I_ P, then to − _I_ P and back to 0 (equally spaced _I_ P/10 steps). The sensitivity _S_ is defined as the slope of the linear regression line for a cycle between ± _I_ P N. 

The linearity error _ε_ L is the maximum positive or negative difference between the measured points and the linear regression line, expressed in % of _I_ P N. 

## **Delay times** 

respect to the primary are shown in the next figure.The delay time _t_ D 10 @ 10 % and the delay time _t_ D 90 @ 90 % with Both slightly depend on the primary current d _i_ /d _t_ . They are measured at nominal current. 

**==> picture [214 x 144] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
I<br>100 %<br>90 %<br>I P IS<br>t D 90<br>10 %<br>t D 10 t<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


Figure 9: _t_ D 10 (delay time @ 10 %) and _t_ D 90 (delay time) 

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**IN 100-S** 

## **Dimensions** (in mm) 

## **Connection** 

## **Connection** 

- ●Normal operation status (Pins 3 and 8) Normal operation means: 

   - ±15 V (± _U_ C) present 

   - 0 V on D-Sub has to be tied 

   - zero detector is working 

   - compensation current  ≤ _I_ P M 

   - green LED indicator switches on. 

- ●Direct current ⎓ (DC) 

## **Mechanical characteristics** 

- ●General tolerance 

±0.5 mm 

- ●Transducer fastening 

2 slotted holes 

- Horizontal mounting 

⌀ 5.5 mm 

2 M5 steel screws Recommended fastening torque 3.7 N ⋅ m - Vertical mounting 4 slotted holes 

## **Remarks** 

- _I_ S is positive when _I_ P flows in the direction of arrow. 

- ●We recommend that a shielded output cable and plug are used to ensure the maximum immunity against electrostatic fields. 

- ●Temperature of the primary conductor should not exceed 100 °C. 

- ●We recommend to fix the potential of the housing to the ground or 0 V (on indicated surfaces). 

- ●Installation of the transducer must be done, unless otherwise specified on the datasheet, according to LEM Transducer Generic Mounting Rules. Please refer to LEM document N°ANE120504 available on our Web site: **https://www.lem.com/en/file/3137/download/** 

- ●All mounting recommendations are given for a standard mounting. Screws with flat and spring washers. 

⌀ 5 mm 

4 M4 steel screws Recommended fastening torque 3.2 N ⋅ m ●Connection of secondary on D-Sub-9 UNC 4-40 

Manual tightening until full stop 

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