ACS108-8SP-TR

**ACS108-8SP** 

Datasheet 

## 0.8 A - 800 V overvoltage protected AC switch (ACS) 

## **Features** 

- Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 surge with overvoltage crowbar technology 

- High noise immunity against static dV/dt and IEC 61000-4-4 burst 

- Needs no external protection snubber or varistor 

- Reduces component count by up to 80% and interfaces directly with the microcontroller 

- High creepage distance for SOT223-2L: 3.8 mm 

**==> picture [119 x 119] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
OUT<br>G<br>COM<br>COM Common drive reference to connect<br>to the mains<br>OUT Output to connect to the load.<br>G Gate input to connect to the controller<br>through gate resistor<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


- Clamping at VCL, then crowbar action 

## **Applications** 

- General purpose AC line load switching 

- Driving low power high inductive or resistive loads like: 

   - Relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser 

   - Pump, fan, low power motor, door lock, air flow dumper 

   - Lamp 

## **Description** 

The ACS108-8SP belongs to the AC switch range (built with A. S. D. technology). This high performance switch can control a load of up to 0.8 A. 

## **Product status link** 

ACS108-8SP 

This device switch includes an overvoltage crowbar structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. 

|**Product summary**|**Product summary**|
|---|---|
|**Order code**|ACS108-8SP|
|**Package**|SOT223-2L|
|**IT(RMS)**|0.8 A|
|**VDRM, VRRM**|800 V|
|**IGT**|10 mA|



**DS14330** - **Rev 1** - **June 2023** For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office. 

www.st.com 

**ACS108-8SP Characteristics** 

## **1 Characteristics** 

**Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)** 

|**Symbol**|**Parameter**|**Parameter**||**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|IT(RMS)|RMS on-state current (180° conduction angle)||Tamb= 76 °C|0.8|A|
|ITSM|Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (Tjinitial = 25 °C)||tp= 20 ms|13|A|
||||tp= 16.7 ms|13.7||
|I2t|I2t for fuse selection||tp= 10 ms|1.1|A2s|
|VDRM/ VRRM|Repetitive peak off-state voltage|||800|V|
|dI/dt|Critical rate of rise of on-state current IG= 2 x IGT, tr ≤ 100 ns||f = 120 Hz, Tj<br>= 125 °C|100|A/μs|
|VPP(1)|Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage|||2|kV|
|PG(AV)|Average gate power dissipation||Tj= 125 °C|0.1|W|
|VGM|Peak positive gate voltage||Tj= 125 °C|10|V|
|IGM|Peak gate current|tP= 20 μs|Tj= 125 °C|1|A|
|Tstg|Storage temperature range|||-40 to +150|°C|
|Tj|Operating junction temperature range|||-40 to +125|°C|
|Tl|Maximum lead temperature soldering during 10 s|||260|°C|



_1. according to test described by standard IEC 61000-4-5, see Figure 17 for conditions_ 

**Table 2. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)** 

|**Symbol**|**Test conditions**|**Test conditions**|**Quadrant**|**Value**|**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|IGT (1)|VOUT= 12 V, RL= 33 Ω||II - III|Max.|10|mA|
|VGT||||Max.|1.0|V|
|VGD|VOUT= VDRM, RL= 3.3 kΩ|Tj= 125 °C|II - III|Min.|0.15|V|
|IH(2)|IT= 100 mA, gate open|||Max.|10|mA|
|IL|IG= 1.2 x IGT|||Max.|25|mA|
|dV/dt(2)|VOUT= 402 V, gate open||Tj= 125 °C|Min.|2000|V/μs|
||VOUT= 536 V, gate open||||400||
|(dI/dt)c|Without snubber (15 V/μs), turn-off time ≤ 20 ms||Tj= 125 °C|Min.|2|A/ms|
|VCL(2)|ICL= 0.1 mA, tp= 1 ms||Tj= 125 °C|Min.|850|V|



_1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max._ 

_2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin_ 

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**ACS108-8SP Characteristics** 

**Table 3. Static electrical characteristics** 

|**Symbol**|**Test conditions**||**Value**|**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|VTM (1)|ITM= 1.1 A, tp= 500 μs|Tj= 25 °C|Max.|1.3|V|
|VTO(1)|Threshold voltage|Tj= 125 °C|Max.|0.85|V|
|RD(1)|Dynamic resistance|Tj= 125 °C|Max.|350|mΩ|
|IDRM<br>IRRM|VOUT-COM= VDRM; VCOM-OUT= VRRM|Tj= 25 °C|Max.|2|µA|
|||Tj= 125 °C||0.2|mA|



_1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin_ 

**Table 4. Thermal characteristics** 

|**Symbol**|**Parameter**|**Value**|**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|Rth(j-t)|Junction to tab (AC)|Max.|25|°C/W|
|Rth(j-a)|Junction to ambient, S = 5 cm²|Typ.|60||



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**ACS108-8SP Characteristics (curves)** 

## **1.1 Characteristics (curves)** 

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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Figure 1. Maximum power dissipation versus rms on-state<br>Figure 2. On-state rms current versus case temperature<br>current<br>P(W) IT(RMS)(A)<br>0.9 0.9<br>α = 180° α = 180°<br>0.8 0.8<br>0.7 0.7<br>0.6 0.6<br>0.5<br>0.5<br>0.4<br>0.4<br>0.3<br>0.3<br>0.2<br>0.2<br>180°<br>0.1 0.1 TC(°C)<br>IT(RMS)(A) 0<br>0 25 50 75 100 125<br>0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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Figure 3. On-state rms current versus ambient<br>temperature (free air convection)<br>IT(RMS)(A)<br>0.9<br>α = 180°<br>0.8<br>0.7<br>0.6<br>0.5<br>0.4<br>0.3<br>0.2<br>0.1<br>Ta(°C)<br>0<br>25 50 75 100 125<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 4. Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration** 

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1.0 ZTH(j-a) /RTH(j-a)<br>Copper surface area = 5 cm² Zth(j-a)<br>0.1<br>tP(s)<br>0.01<br>0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100 1000<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Figure 5. Relative variation of holding and latching  Figure 6. Relative variation of IGT and VGT versus junction<br>current versus junction temperature temperature<br>3.0 IH, Il [Tj] / IH, Il [Tj = 25 °C]   3.5 IGT,VGT [Tj] / IGT,VGT [Tj = 25 °C]<br>2.5 IL 3.0<br>IGT Q2<br>2.5<br>2.0<br>IH 2.0 IGT Q3<br>1.5<br>1.5 VGT<br>1.0<br>1.0<br>0.5<br>0.5<br>0.0 Tj(°C) 0.0 Tj(°C)<br>-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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**ACS108-8SP Characteristics (curves)** 

**Figure 7. Surge peak on-state current versus number of Figure 8. Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a cycles sinusoidal pulse** 

**==> picture [482 x 156] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
ITSM(A) 1000 ITSM(A)<br>14 Tj initial=25 °C<br>13<br>Non repetitive<br>12 Tj initial = 25 °C<br>11<br>10<br>100<br>9<br>ri ie ee |<br>8<br>7<br>6 a i<br>5 Repetitive 10<br>4 Ttab = 76 °C<br>3 = ee<br>2<br>10 Eocene Number of cycles | Hh 1 OI Coo tp(ms)<br>1 10 100 1000 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 9. On-state characteristics (maximum values)** 

**Figure 10. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature** 

**==> picture [483 x 162] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
ITM(A)<br>100 (dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj = 125 °C]<br>2.5<br>2<br>10<br>SSeS LLL NI<br>1.5<br>1 1<br>| {7 | _t —<br>Tj = 125 °C Tj = 25 °C Tj max. : 125 °C 0.5<br>ssfsssss VTO = 0.85 V —= COTTE<br>0.1 RD = 350 mOhm VTM(V) Tj(°C)<br>0.0 AES 1.0 2.0 3.0 FRR 4.0 5.0 0 CCP<br>25 50 75 100 125<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 11. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity versus junction temperature** 

**Figure 12. Relative variation of leakage current versus junction temperature** 

**==> picture [481 x 155] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
(dV/dt) [Tj] / (dV/dt) [Tj = 125 °C] IDRM, IRRM [Tj] / IDRM, IRRM [Tj = 125°C]<br>5 1.E+00<br>VD = VR = 536 V<br>4 F a == VDRM = VRRM = 800 V<br>a ee ee ee<br>1.E-01<br>3 es | 74<br>2 e S ft |<br>SSE OO 1.E-02 = ee<br>1<br>IN aee<br>0 ee Tj(°C) 1.E-03 T Eee ee Tj(°C)<br>25 50 75 100 125 25 50 75 100 125<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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**ACS108-8SP Characteristics (curves)** 

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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Figure 13. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of  Figure 14. Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus<br>main current (di/dt)c versus (dV/dt)c copper surface under tab<br>5 (dI/dt)c [(dV/dt)c] / Specified (dI/dt)c 130 Rth(j - a)  (°C/W)<br>Tj = 125 °C 120<br>Printed circuit board FR4 copper thickness = 35 µm<br>110<br>4<br>100<br>90<br>3 80<br>70<br>60<br>2 50<br>40<br>30<br>1<br>20<br>10<br>(dV/dt)c (V/µs) SCU(cm²)<br>0 0<br>0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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**ACS108-8SP Alternating current mains switch - basic application** 

## **2 Alternating current mains switch - basic application** 

The ACS108 switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in Figure 15. Typical application schematic Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108 switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off snubber. 

**Figure 15. Typical application schematic** 

**==> picture [352 x 267] intentionally omitted <==**

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Lamp Motor Solenoid<br>M<br>AC Mains<br>OUT<br>ACS108<br>Vss<br>Rg = 220 Ohm<br>MCU<br>GATE<br>Vdd<br>COM<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


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**ACS108-8SP** 

**Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS** 

## **2.1 Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS** 

In comparison with standard Triacs the ACS108 is over-voltage self-protected, as specified by the parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turn-off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical network. 

## **2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping** 

With high inductive and low rms current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower than IH. 

As shown in Figure 16. Switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of ACS108 (Tamb = 25 °C), at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current decreases ① . The load current reaches the holding current level IH ② , and the ACS turns off ③ . The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS ④ . The current flows through the ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (230 V rms, 50 Hz) ⑤. 

**Figure 16. Switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of ACS108 (Tamb = 25 °C)** 

## **2.1.2 Alternating current mains transient voltage ruggedness** 

The ACS108 switch is able to withstand safely the AC mains transients either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking-over when subjected to high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. 

The test circuit shown in Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads, Tamb = 25 °C (conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standard) is representative of the final ACS108 application, and is also used to test the AC switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load limiting the current, the ACS108 switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak mains voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. Actually, the ACS108 breaks over safely as shown in Figure 18. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108 (+2 kV surge, IEC 61000-4-5 standard). The ACS108 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero crossing of the current). 

Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC mains voltage polarity. 

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**ACS108-8SP** 

**Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS** 

**Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads, Tamb = 25 °C (conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standard)** 

**==> picture [373 x 269] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
+ 2kV Surge generator<br>Rgenerator<br>Filtering unit Cc Model of the load<br>R = 150 Ω  L = 5  μH<br>L } OUT<br>ACS108<br>GATE<br>Rg = 220 Ω  COM<br>AC mains 230 V RMS, 50 Hz<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 18. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108 (+2 kV surge, IEC 61000-4-5 standard)** 

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**ACS108-8SP Package information** 

**3 Package information** 

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. 

## **3.1 SOT223-2L package information** 

- Epoxy meets UL94, V0 

- Lead free plating + halogen-free molding resin 

**Figure 19. SOT223-2L package outline** 

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**ACS108-8SP** 

**SOT223-2L package information** 

**Table 5. SOT223-2L package mechanical data** 

|**Ref.**<br>~~a~~|**Dimensions**<br>~~ee~~<br>~~ee~~<br>|**Dimensions**<br>~~ee~~<br>~~ee~~<br>|**Dimensions**<br>~~ee~~<br>~~ee~~<br>|
|---|---|---|---|
||**Millimeters**<br>~~ee~~<br>|||
||**Min.**<br>~~ee~~<br> ——|**Typ.**<br>~~ee~~<br>—|**Max.**<br>~~ee~~|
|A|||1.80|
|A1|0.02||0.10|
|A2|1.50|1.60|1.70|
|A3|0.80|0.90|1.00|
|b|0.67||0.80|
|b2|2.96||3.09|
|c|0.30||0.35|
|D|6.48|6.53|6.58|
|D1|6.43|6.48|6.53|
|E|6.80||7.20|
|E1|3.30|3.38|3.48|
|E2|3.33|3.43|3.53|
|e1|4.50|4.60|4.70|
|L|0.80|1.00|1.20|
|L1|1.78 Ref|||



**Figure 20. Recommended footprint (dimensions in mm)** 

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**ACS108-8SP Ordering information** 

**4 Ordering information** 

**Figure 21. Ordering information scheme** 

**Table 6. Ordering information** 

|**Order code**|**Marking**|**Package**|**Weight**|**Base qty.**|**Packing mode**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|ACS108-8SP-TR|ACS 108 8S|SOT-223-2L|110 mg|4000|Tape and reel 13"|



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**ACS108-8SP** 

## **Revision history** 

## **Table 7. Document revision history** 

|**Date**|**Revision**|**Changes**|
|---|---|---|
|28-Jun-2023|1|Initial release.|



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**ACS108-8SP** 

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- © 2023 STMicroelectronics – All rights reserved 

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