ACS108-6SA-TR

## **ACS108** 

## Overvoltage protected AC switch (ACS™) 

**Datasheet** - **production data** 

## **Description** 

**==> picture [181 x 90] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
COM<br>COM G<br>COM<br>OUT G OUT<br>TO-92 SOT-223<br>ACS108-6SA ACS108-6SN<br>ACS108-8SA ACS108-8SN<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


The ACS108 belongs to the AC switch range (built with A. S. D.[®] technology). This high performance switch can control a load of up to 0.8 A. The ACS108 switch includes an overvoltage crowbar structure to absorb the inductive turn-off energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. 

## **Features** 

- Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5 surge with overvoltage crowbar technology 

- High noise immunity against static dV/dt and IEC 61000-4-4 burst 

- Needs no external protection snubber or varistor 

- Reduces component count by up to 80% and Interfaces directly with the micro-controller 

- Common package tab connection supports connection of several alternating current switches on the same cooling pad 

- VCL gives headroom before clamping then crowbar action 

## **Applications** 

- Alternating current on/off static switching in appliances and industrial control systems 

## **Figure 1. Functional diagram** 

**==> picture [131 x 130] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
OUT<br>G<br>COM<br>COM Common drive reference to connect<br>to the mains<br>OUT Output to connect to the load.<br>G Gate input to connect to the controller<br>through gate resistor<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **Table 1. Device summary** 

|**Symbol**|**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|
|IT(RMS)|0.8|A|
|VDRM, VRRM|600 and 800|V|
|IGT|10|mA|



- Driving low power high inductive or resistive loads like: 

   - relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser, 

   - pump, fan, low power motor, door lock 

   - lamp 

®: A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics 

_www.st.com_ 

October 2013 

DocID6518 Rev 5 

1/13 

This is information on a product in full production. 

**Characteristics** 

**ACS108** 

## **1 Characteristics** 

**Table 2. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)** 

|**Symbol**|**Parameter**|||**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|IT(RMS)|On-state rms current (full sine wave)|TO-92|Tamb= 64 °C|0.45|A|
||||Tlead= 76 °C|0.8|A|
|||SOT-223<br>S = 5 cm2|Tamb= 76 °C|||
||||Ttab= 104 °C|||
|ITSM|Non repetitive surge peak on-state current<br>(full cycle sine wave, Tjinitial = 25 °C)|F = 60 Hz|t = 16.7 ms|13.7|A|
|||F = 50 Hz|t = 20 ms|13||
|I2t|I²t Value for fusing||tp= 10 ms|1.1|A2s|
|dI/dt|Critical rate of rise of on-state current<br>IG= 2xIGT, tr 100 ns|F = 120 Hz|Tj= 125 °C|100|A/µs|
|VPP|Non repetitive mains peak mains voltage(1)|||2|kV|
|IGM|Peak gate current|tp= 20 µs|Tj= 125 °C|1|A|
|VGM|Peak positive gate voltage||Tj= 125 °C|10|V|
|PG(AV)|Average gate power dissipation||Tj= 125 °C|0.1|W|
|Tstg<br>Tj|Storage junction temperature range<br>Operating junction temperature range|||-40 to +150<br>-30 to +125|°C|



1. According to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and _Figure 18_ 

**Table 3. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)** 

|**Symbol**|**Test conditions**|**Quadrant**||**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|IGT<br>(1)|VOUT= 12 V, RL= 33|II - III|Max.|10|mA|
|VGT||II - III|Max.|1|V|
|VGD|VOUT= VDRM, RL= 3.3 kTj= 125 °C|II - III|Min.|0.15|V|
|IH|IOUT= 100 mA||Max.|10|mA|
|IL|IG= 1.2 x IGT||Max.|25|mA|
|dV/dt|VOUT= 402 V, gate open, Tj= 125 °C||Min.|2000|V/µs|
||VOUT= 536 V, gate open, Tj= 125 °C||Min.|400|V/µs|
|(dI/dt)c|Without snubber (15 V/µs), Tj= 125 °C, turn-off|time20 ms|Min.|2|A/ms|
|VCL|ICL= 0.1 mA, tp= 1 ms, ACS108-6||Min.|650|V|
||ICL= 0.1 mA, tp= 1 ms, ACS108-8||Min.|850|V|



1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max 

2/13 

DocID6518 Rev 5 

**ACS108** 

**Characteristics** 

**Table 4. Static electrical characteristics** 

|**Symbol**|**Parameter and test conditions**|||**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|VTM (1)|ITM= 1.1 A, tp= 500 µs|Tj= 25 °C|Max.|1.3|V|
|Vt0 (1)|Threshold voltage|Tj= 125 °C|Max.|0.85|V|
|RD (1)|Dynamic resistance|Tj= 125 °C|Max.|300|m|
|IDRM<br>IRRM|VOUT= VDRM= VRRM|Tj= 25 °C|Max.|2|µA|
|||Tj= 125 °C||0.2|mA|



1. For both polarities of OUT referenced to COM 

## **Table 5. Thermal resistance** 

|**Symbol**|**Parameter**||||**Value**|**Unit**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|Rth (j-l)|Junction to lead (AC)||TO-92|Max.|60<br>25<br>150<br>60|°C/W|
|Rth (j-t)|Junction to tab (AC)||SOT-223|Max.|||
|Rth (j-a)|Junction to ambient||TO-92|Max.|||
|||S = 5 cm²|SOT-223|Max.|||



## **Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation versus on-state rms current** 

## **Figure 3. On-state rms current versus case temperature (SOT223)** 

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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
0.9 P (W) IT(RMS) (A)<br>α = 180° 0.9<br>0.8 � =180°<br>0.8<br>0.7 SOT-223<br>0.7<br>0.6 0.6<br>0.5 0.5<br>0.4 0.4<br>0.3 0.3<br>0.2 180° 0.2<br>0.1 IT(RMS) (A) 0.1 TC °C<br>0.0 0.0<br>0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0 25 50 75 100 125<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


DocID6518 Rev 5 

3/13 

**Characteristics** 

**ACS108** 

**Figure 4. On-state rms current versus ambient temperature (free air convection)** 

**Figure 5. Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration** 

**==> picture [462 x 160] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
0.9 IT(RMS) (A) 1.00 K=[Zth(j-a)/Rth(j-a)]<br>� =180 [°] Z th(j-a)<br>0.8<br>SOT-223<br>0.7 TO-92<br>0.6<br>0.5<br>0.10<br>0.4 TO-92<br>0.3 SOT-223<br>0.2 Single layer Printed SOT-223<br>0.1 circuit board FR4 tP (s) Copper surfacearea = 5cm²<br>0.0 Natural convection Ta °C 0.01<br>0 25 50 75 100 125 1.0E-03 1.0E-02 1.0E-01 1.0E+00 1.0E+01 1.0E+02 1.0E+03<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 6. Relative variation of holding and latching current versus junction temperature** 

**Figure 7. Relative variation of IGT and VGT versus junction temperature** 

**==> picture [462 x 160] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
3.0 IH, IL [T j] / IH, IL [Tj=25 °C] 3.5 IGT, VGT [Tj] / IGT, VGT, [Tj=25 °C]<br>3.0 IGT Q2<br>2.5<br>I L 2.5 IGT Q3<br>2.0<br>2.0<br>1.5 I H<br>1.5<br>1.0<br>1.0 VGT Q2-Q3<br>0.5 0.5<br>T j (°C) T j (°C)<br>0.0 0.0<br>-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 8. Surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles** 

**Figure 9. Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse, and corresponding value of I²t** 

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14<br>1.E+03<br>13 Sinusoidal pulse,<br>1211 t=20ms ITSM t T p j initial = 25 °C  < 10 ms<br>10 One cycle 1.E+02<br>Non repetitive<br>9 Tj initial=25 °C<br>8<br>7 SOT-223 1.E+01<br>6 TRetab p= 104°Cetitive<br>5<br>4<br>1.E+00<br>3 I²t<br>TO-92<br>2 Repetitive<br>1 T lead = 76 °C Number of cycles t p (ms)<br>0 1.E-01<br>1 10 100 1000 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00<br>ITSM(A) ITSM(A), I²t (A²s)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


4/13 

DocID6518 Rev 5 

**ACS108** 

**Characteristics** 

**Figure 10. On-state characteristics (maximum values)** 

**==> picture [213 x 132] intentionally omitted <==**

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100.00<br>10.00<br>1.00<br>Tj=125  ° C<br>Tj=25  ° C T j max.:<br>Vto= 0.85 V<br>VTM(V) Rd= 300 mΩ<br>0.10<br>0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5<br>ITM(A)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 11. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current versus junction temperature** 

**==> picture [212 x 124] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
(dI/dt)c [T ] / (dI/dt)j c [T =125 °C]j<br>2.5<br>2.0<br>1.5<br>1.0<br>0.5<br>Tj (°C)<br>0.0<br>25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105 115 125<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Figure 12. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity versus junction temperature[(1)]** 

**Figure 13. Relative variation of leakage current versus junction temperature** 

**==> picture [462 x 160] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
IDRM/IRRM [Tj;V DRM/VRRM]/IDRM/IRRM [Tj=125°C;800 V]<br>5 1.0E+00<br>VD=VR=536V<br>4<br>1.0E-01 VDRM=VRRM=800 V<br>3<br>V DRM =V RRM =600 V<br>2<br>1.0E-02<br>1<br>T j (°C) T j (°C)<br>0 1.0E-03<br>25 50 75 100 125 25 50 75 100 125<br>dV/dt [T j] / dV/dt [T j=125°C]<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


1. VD = VR = 402 V: Typical values above 5 kV/µs. Beyond equipment capability 

**Figure 14. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c versus (dV/dt)c** 

**Figure 15. Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (SOT-223)** 

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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
5.0 140<br>4.5 Tj =125 °C Printed circuit board FR4copper thickness = 35 µm SOT-223<br>120<br>4.0<br>3.5 100<br>3.0<br>80<br>2.5<br>2.0 60<br>1.5 40<br>1.0<br>20<br>0.5 SCU(cm²)<br>(dV/dt)c (V/µs)<br>0.0 0<br>0.1 1.0 10.0 100.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0<br>(dI/dt)c [ (dV/dt) c ] / Specified (dI/dt)c Rth(j-a)(°C/W)<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


DocID6518 Rev 5 

5/13 

**ACS108** 

**Alternating current mains switch - basic application** 

## **2 Alternating current mains switch - basic application** 

The ACS108 switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in _Figure 16_ . 

Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108 switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off snubber. 

## **Figure 16. Typical application schematic** 

**==> picture [308 x 151] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
Valve<br>AC Mains<br>ACS108<br>Vss<br>MCU Rg VT<br>Power supply Vdd 220  Ω<br>IT<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **2.1 Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS** 

In comparison with standard Triacs the ACS108 is over-voltage self-protected, as specified by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turnoff of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical network. 

## **2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping** 

With high inductive and low rms current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower than IH. 

As shown in _Figure 17_ , at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current decreases ① . The load current reaches the holding current level IH ② , and the ACS turns off ③ . The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS ④ . The current flows through the ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (230 V rms, 50 Hz) ⑤ . 

6/13 

DocID6518 Rev 5 

**ACS108** 

**Alternating current mains switch - basic application** 

**Figure 17. Switching off of a high inductive load - typical clamping capability of ACS108 (Tamb = 25 °C)** 

**==> picture [392 x 165] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
4<br>VCL I T<br>1<br>3<br>VT 2 3<br>(200 V/div) I H<br>4<br>IT 5 VT<br>(5 mA/div) VCL<br>1<br>I H<br>2<br>ice<br>5<br>100 µs/div<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


## **2.1.2 Alternating current mains transient voltage ruggedness** 

The ACS108 switch is able to withstand safely the AC mains transients either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking-over when subjected to high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. 

The test circuit shown in _Figure 18_ is representative of the final ACS108 application, and is also used to test the AC switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load limiting the current, the ACS108 switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak mains voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. Actually, the ACS108 breaks over safely as shown in _Figure 19_ . The ACS108 recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero crossing of the current). 

Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC mains voltage polarity. 

**Figure 18. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads, Tamb = 25 °C (conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standard)** 

**==> picture [284 x 159] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
+2 kV surge<br>generator<br>=<br>Load<br>CC<br>meee<br>150  Ω 5 µH ACS108<br>OUT<br>Mains V T G<br>voltage<br>230 V rms COM<br>50 Hz<br>220  Ω<br>IT<br>|<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


DocID6518 Rev 5 7/13 ~~|e 1 5~~ 

**ACS108** 

**Alternating current mains switch - basic application** 

**Figure 19. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108 (+2 kV surge, IEC 61000-4-5 standard)** 

**==> picture [170 x 177] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
VT (200 V/div)<br>IT max = 17.2 A<br>dIT/dt = 1.8 A/µs<br>IT (4 A/div)<br>500 ns/div<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


8/13 

DocID6518 Rev 5 

**ACS108** 

**Package information** 

## **3 Package information** 

- Epoxy meets UL94, V0 

- Lead-free packages 

In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK[®] packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK[®] specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: _www.st.com._ ECOPACK[®] is an ST trademark. 

## **Figure 20. TO-92 dimension definitions** 

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**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
A<br>a<br>B C<br>F D E<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Table 6. TO-92 dimension values** 

||**Table 6. TO-92 dimension values**|**Table 6. TO-92 dimension values**|**Table 6. TO-92 dimension values**|**Table 6. TO-92 dimension values**|**Table 6. TO-92 dimension values**|**Table 6. TO-92 dimension values**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Ref**|**Dimensions**||||||
||**Millimeters**|||**Inches**|||
||**Min.**|**Typ.**|**Max.**|**Min.**|**Typ.**|**Max.**|
|A||1.35|||0.053||
|B|||4.70|||0.185|
|C||2.54|||0.100||
|D|4.40|||0.173|||
|E|12.70|||0.500|||
|F|||3.70|||0.146|
|a|||0.50|||0.019|



DocID6518 Rev 5 

9/13 

**ACS108** 

**Package information** 

## **Figure 21. SOT-223 dimension definitions** 

**==> picture [188 x 166] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
A V c<br>A1 B<br>e1<br>D<br>B1<br>4<br>H E<br>1 2 3<br>e<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


**Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values** 

||**Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values**|**Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values**|**Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values**|**Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values**|**Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values**|**Table 7. SOT-223 dimension values**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|**Ref.**|**Dimensions**||||||
||**Millimeters**|||**Inches**|||
||**Min.**|**Typ.**|**Max.**|**Min.**|**Typ.**|**Max.**|
|A|||1.80|||0.071|
|A1||0.02|0.10||0.001|0.004|
|B|0.60|0.70|0.85|0.024|0.027|0.033|
|B1|2.90|3.00|3.15|0.114|0.118|0.124|
|c|0.24|0.26|0.35|0.009|0.010|0.014|
|D(1)|6.30|6.50|6.70|0.248|0.256|0.264|
|e||2.3|||0.090||
|e1||4.6|||0.181||
|E(1)|3.30|3.50|3.70|0.130|0.138|0.146|
|H|6.70|7.00|7.30|0.264|0.276|0.287|
|V|10° max||||||



1. Do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.15mm (0.006inches) 

## **Figure 22. SOT-223 footprint (dimensions in mm)** 

**==> picture [160 x 155] intentionally omitted <==**

**----- Start of picture text -----**<br>
3.25<br>1.32<br>5.16 7.80<br>1.32<br>2.30 0.95<br>**----- End of picture text -----**<br>


10/13 

DocID6518 Rev 5 

**ACS108** 

**Ordering information** 

## **4 Ordering information** 

## **Figure 23. Ordering information scheme** 

**ACS    1     08   -  6    S    A   -TR AC switch series Number of switches Current** 08 = 0.8 A rms **Voltage** 6 = 600 V 8 = 800 V **Sensitivity** S = 10 mA **Package** A = TO-92 N = SOT-223 **Packing** TR = Tape and reel 7” (SOT-223, 1000 pieces) 13” (TO-92, 2000 pieces) AP = Ammopack (TO-92, 2000 pieces) Blank = bulk (TO-92, 2500 pieces) 

**Table 8. Ordering information** 

|**Order code**|**Marking**|**Package**|**Weight**|**Base Qty**|**Delivery mode**|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|ACS108-6SA|ACS1 086SA|TO-92|0.2 g|2500|Bulk|
|ACS108-6SA-TR||TO-92|0.2 g|2000|Tape and reel|
|ACS108-6SA-AP||TO-92|0.2 g|2000|Ammopack|
|ACS108-6SN-TR|ACS 108 6SN|SOT-223|0.11 g|1000|Tape and reel|
|ACS108-8SA|ACS1 088SA|TO-92|0.2 g|2500|Bulk|
|ACS108-8SA-TR||TO-92|0.2 g|2000|Tape and reel|
|ACS108-8SA-AP||TO-92|0.2 g|2000|Ammopack|
|ACS108-8SN-TR|ACS 108 8SN|SOT-223|0.11 g|1000|Tape and reel|



DocID6518 Rev 5 

11/13 

**ACS108** 

**Revision history** 

## **5 Revision history** 

**Table 9. Document revision history** 

|**Date**|**Revision**|**Changes**|
|---|---|---|
|Apr_2004|1|Initial release. This datasheet covers order codes previously<br>described in the datasheet for ACS108-6S, Doc ID 11962, Rev 3<br>December 2010.|
|21-Jun-2005|2|Marking information updated from ACSxxxx to ACS1xxx.|
|11-Jul-2012|3|Removed 500 V devices and added 600 V and 800 V devices.|
|27-Sep-2013|4|Corrected typographical error in_Figure 4_.|
|31-Oct-2013|5|Corrected character formatting issues in_Section 2.1.1_.|



12/13 

DocID6518 Rev 5 

**ACS108** 

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DocID6518 Rev 5 

13/13